Edward Larsons Work Summer For The Gods - 1199 Words

Throughout United States history, Americans have always remain separated on certain issues. Edward Larson’s work Summer for the Gods exemplifies just how issues split the population. Larson uses the Scopes Trial of 1925 to demonstrate to the rivalry between modernists and traditionalists in the early 20th century. Charles Dawson discovered fossilized human bones known as the â€Å"Piltdown skull† and bridged a gap in history that seemed to confirm Darwin’s theory of evolution. Darwin s account of random variations, coupled with his survival-of-the-fittest selection process, posed a critical problem for many Christians who retained a teleological view of nature.† (Larson, 17) This threat to Christian spirituality sparked an anti-evolution movement in an attempt to revoke the teachings of evolution in public school systems. The Tennessee House of Representatives soon passed a statute making it illegal for any public school official to teach any theory that re jected the divine creation of man as taught in the Bible. The Scopes Trial would prove to be more than an argument between science and religion and the removal of textbook content. It was individual rights versus the right of majority rule, freedom of speech versus censorship, and evolution versus creationism. At the turn of the century, traditionalists were making an effort to combat the teachings of evolution. The anti-evolution movement originated for many reasons. First, as a response to new scientific evidence thatShow MoreRelatedProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 PagesBody of Knowledge (PMBOK). People at all levels in the organization assigned to work on projects will find the text useful not only in providing them with a rationale for the use of project management tools and techniques but also because of the insights they will gain on how to enhance their contributions to project success. Our emphasis is not only on how the management process works, but more importantly, on why it works. The concepts, principles, and techniques are universally applicable. That is

Stopping Terrorism Worldwide Essay - 953 Words

Can We Stop the Worldwide Disease-Terrorism? Terrorism, which has been around for as long as people can remember, has been on the rise for the past ten years. Terrorists usually use murdering, kidnapping, hi-jacking and bombings to achieve their political purpose. For instance, according to Wikipedia.com (2006), in 1985 816 deaths, then in 2003, more than 1,000 people died by terorist acts around the world. In recent years, terrorism seems to be at a new height and attacks are much more violent than in the past. Unfortunately, in spite of many anti-terror campaigns, projects and organizations are being created for prevention (to prevent) terrorism, the number of terrorists only is increasing. These days terrorism is all over the world.†¦show more content†¦For example, the Andijan Events, which happened in 2005. Many innocent people were killed during the terrorists attempt to take control over the government of (maybe in) Andijan. As the President of Uzbekistan, Islam Karimov said (Uzbek Nation Will Never Depend on Ot hers, 2005), the executors of that terror act were the members of, so-called, Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan. Their primary goal was to set Caliphate in Uzbekistan, which would have made Uzbekistan an Islamic Republic and led to put dot in Uzbekistans development, especially in economy growth. Also, there are some other reasons for terrorist acts such as: hate towards a race, nationality, or religion. The following example contains all reasons listed above. Another international terror group Al-Qaeda, number one terror group with a multimillionaire leader Osama Ben Laden, carried out a terror attack in 2001, in USA. Referring to Wikipedia.com (2006), terrorists hijacked four commercial airplanes and crashed two of them into World Trade Centre, in Manhattan. The other one crashed to US Pentagon, and fourth crashed in rural place in Pennsylvania. It took about 2,986 lives of innocent people, including 19 hijackers, and more than 40 000 people were injured. In both examples mentioned above, there are exact motivating factors. In both cases the motivating factors are ideology and religion. But there are also many other factors which make people become terrorists and take guns in their hands or blow themselvesShow MoreRelated War on Drugs is a Domestic Problem Essay620 Words   |  3 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The new policy that the government has unfolded on the War on Drugs, has pointed the finger of responsibility toward stopping terrorism by stopping the individual drug users. Terrorism affects the entire world, and the United States has assumed a position at the spearhead to confront it. There is no way to actually stop terrorism, but one way to financially divert the problem is to stop the money from flowing to the organizations. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The War onRead MoreDetaining Suspected Terrorists1033 Words   |  4 Pagesrealized the tragedy and destruction caused by terrorism. Marwan Abu Ubcida, a terrorist in training, said, â€Å"Yes, I am a terrorist. Write that down: I admit I am a terrorist. [The Koran] says it is the duty of Muslims to bring terror to the enemy, so being a terrorist makes me a good Muslim.† That enemy happens to be anyone against what they believe. One such enemy meaning the US because we are against terrorism. There is no justification for terrorism and no reason for the government to try to justifyRead MoreThe Government Should Detain Suspected Terrorists Without Trial1036 Words   |  5 Pagesrealized the tragedy and destruction caused by terrorism. Marwan Abu Ubcida, a terrorist in training, said, â€Å"Yes, I am a terrorist. Write that down: I admit I am a terrorist. [The Koran] says it is the duty of Muslims to bring terror to the enemy, so being a terrorist make s me a good Muslim.†(Friedman) That enemy happens to be anyone against what they believe. One such enemy meaning the US because we are against terrorism. There is no justification for terrorism and no reason for the government to try toRead MoreInternational Union For Conservation Of Nature1488 Words   |  6 Pagesfrom all over the world that are currently losing its population due to poaching. This is a powerful tool that helps push the government to protect any threatened animal species, like the African Elephant, and most of the plant and animal wildlife worldwide. Blanc, J. a co-sponsors from the IUCN Red List states â€Å"The conservative decision is to accept a growth rate of greater than 1.53% per annum to help retain the African Elephant in the vulnerable category in this assessment† (IUCN Red List, par 10)Read MoreEssay on Terrorism1340 Words   |  6 Pages Terrorism is becoming more and more of a threat to Americans both at home and abroad. International terrorism happens when terrorism occurs out of our country. An example of an International terrorist is Osama bin Laden. Laden is the worlds most dangerous terrorist. Laden shows genocidal tendency by killing Americans through-out the world from the bombings of the World Trade Center to the embassy bombings in Africa. The African blasts killed more than 250 people. The FBI has been tracking him forRead MoreWar Is Not The Answer1294 Words   |  6 Pageswar on terrorism, started by the United States and its allied countries, have caused unnecessary bloodshed with immense repercussion. A looming threat of nuclear war is closer to a reality as the two sides clash, and the benefits coming from war are far few in between. America currently favors militarism, which has lead to the neglect of their own domestic needs in hopes to win this battle. War isn’t leading to any victory, itâ €™s simply an ineffective method in the attempt to stop terrorism. SteppingRead MoreGlobal Crime Analysis1134 Words   |  5 PagesIn some countries around the world drug trafficking does not have a zero tolerance policy against the crime. The reasons behind this may be attributed to the profiteering that occurs as a result, which is frustrating to law enforcement agencies worldwide. In order to contain the problems of drug trafficking, every country must agree to eradicate the substances to make the drugs, coca and poppy are two of the substances that can used to make the drugs Cocaine and Heroin. In addition, cannabis is usedRead MoreHomeland Security1085 Words   |  5 Pages currency, and trafficked persons which signifies an increasing threat to the prosperity, security, and quality of life to U.S. citizens at home and abroad. As we have seen with H1N1 influenza, the express worldwide spread of infectious diseases can produce great disruptions at home. Stopping these and further risks from threatening our nation has come to be essential to homeland security. The 2010 National Security Strategy states that homeland security is â€Å"a seamless coordination among federalRead MoreModernization Reform Aid Programs : A Stronger Powerful And Independent Business Sector1459 Words   |  6 Pageseradicate discrimination, terrorism, and human trafficking. Both countries being in this group shows that we are working towards similar goals as far as political and social issues are concerned. The United States should be involved in these aspects of Russia, because with more countries working towards these common goals, they are more likely to get accomplished (OSCE). Terrorism is, unfortunately a huge problem in the world today and even though I do not believe that terrorism will ever be fully eliminatedRead MoreA Brief Note On The United War On The Middle East And Southeast Asia Remains Unstable1503 Words   |  7 PagesPersonnel in Afghanistan The War on Terrorism in the Middle East and Southwest Asia remains problematic. Though there are many problems within the Middle East, the narcotics problem in Southwest Asia remains one of the largest to date. It has been much debatable as to how to proceed in the combating of Narcotics in Afghanistan. There are many debatable arguments for the quick pull out, of all private and U.S. contract personnel out of Afghanistan to realign the methods to attack on the narcotics

Negligent Tort Free Essays

Negligence is neglect or disregard. Tort is a legal misgiving. Negligent tort is a type of tort in the legal system. We will write a custom essay sample on Negligent Tort or any similar topic only for you Order Now The concept encompasses that of which an occasion where an individual’s â€Å"acts leading to injury are neither expected nor intended. † (Yell, 1999) In this paper, the elements of a negligent tort, the concepts of proximate causation and duty of care, and types of remedies for finding tort liability will be explored. Elements of Negligent Tort There are three elements of negligent tort. The first element is that of which the defendant had a responsibility of support and/or care to the plaintiff. For example when an individual puts a child in a car, they have a responsibility to secure them appropriately and drive applicably as to avoid any unnecessary dangers to the full extent of their capability (like not driving 120 mph). The second element is that the defendant did not complete this obligation. To continue with the previous example – once the individual takes the responsibility of transporting the child (with due reason that they will secure the child and drive reasonably) and fail to do so, this is the second part of finding negligent tort. The third element of this is â€Å"that this breach was the actual and proximate cause of injury experienced by the plaintiff. † (Barnes, Bowers, Langvardt, Mallor, 2010, p. 206) Proximate Cause Proximate causation â€Å"concerns the required degree of proximity or closeness between the defendant’s breach and the injury it actually caused. † (Barnes, Bowers, Langvardt, Mallor, 2010, p. 225) Proximate cause would mean that the reactions caused by a defendants actions may still not make the defendant 100% liable for what happens – only what can be directly correlated to his/her actions and leaving them free of indirect consequences. This action can also be used in insurance type cases. It has been discussed that if a professional driver has an accident, the company that employs him or her would be held liable for his/her accident under normal circumstances but if the driver was texting or drinking (both illegal) when the accident occurred, it could leave the company free from liability and it would fall on the driver. Remedies to Tort Liability Remedies to tort liability can be non-compensatory damages, compensatory damages, and injunctions, to name a few. Compensation or damages received should be in correspondence to the injuries received. Sometimes the conclusion can be as simple as fixing whatever was completely wrongly, for example if a dentist removed the wrong tooth, perhaps a remedy to the situation would be replacing it with a nice veneer replacement – as long as both parties are happy with that conclusion, that could be the end of it however in this day and age, rarely a civil case ends without some sort of compensatory award. Conclusion Negligent tort, along with duty of care, is a responsibility we all take on every day. When we drive, we promise to not drink, not text, and to follow the rules of the road. As citizens of the United States, we promise not to dump our extra oil in the grass, burn our tires, steal, or murder. We all have a responsibility to one another that when we promise to do something, we do it accordingly without any dangerous actions in completion of those promises. References Barnes, A. J., Bowers, T., Langvardt, A. W., Mallor, J. P. (2010). Business Law: The Ethical, Global, and E-Commerce Environment (14th ed.). Boston: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Yell, M. L. (1999, February). Center for Effective Collaboration and Practice. Retrieved December 19, 2010, from What are Tort Laws?: http://cecp.air.org/interact/authoronline/february99/2.htm#2 How to cite Negligent Tort, Papers

Anemia in Pregnancy

Question Discuss about theAnemia in Pregnancy. Answer: Introduction Erythroid hyperplasia of the bone marrow alongside a reduction in the mass of RBCs is normal during pregnancy. However, an unchecked increase in the volume of plasma results in dilution of blood (hemodilution) a condition referred to as hydremia of pregnancy (Balgir, 2015). Additionally, the percentage of red blood cells in the blood (HCT) also reduces the range of 38 and 45% in healthy women to about 34% during single pregnancies and 30% of instances of multifetal pregnancy (McClure et al., 2014). Iron deficiency is the single most common micronutrient deficiency in the world and a major cause of anemia. Anemia in pregnancy is therefore characterized by a hemoglobin count of 10g/DL and an HCT of 30%. The oxygen carrying capacity of the RBCs tends to remain normal despite hemodilution during pregnancy though (Esen, 2017). This paper presets anemia as a common health complication to most women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Most common causes are an iron deficiency and foliate d eficiency. Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pregnancy Iron deficiency anemia accounts for up to 95% of cases of anemia in pregnancy. Also known as microcytic anemia it is caused by inadequate dietary intake of iron during pregnancy (Koura et al., 2012). Malabsorption of iron from the gastrointestinal tract can also result in Iron deficiency anemia. Still, gastrointestinal tract surgery can result in blood loss leading anemia since 2ml of blood contains 1mg of iron. Normal recurrent loss of blood during menstruation also results in loss of iron given the amount of iron lost roughly approximates the amount that is ingested in a month, hence reducing the buildup of iron stores in the body. The clinical presentation of iron deficiency anemia includes but is not limited to, inflammation of the tongue (glossitis), inflammation of the lips(cheilitis), sensitivity to cold, weakness and fatigue. According to Kassebaum (2016), Iron Deficiency is the leading cause of anemia in pregnant women. The world is focusing on reducing cases of anemia among women of the reproductive age by 2025 as part of its nutritional target (World Health Organization, 2014). One in four pregnancies in Europe is affected by iron deficiency anemia (McLean et al., 2009 and Scholl, 2010). The world health organization estimates that in 2011, the prevalence of anemia stood at 38% among pregnant women. According to Stevens et al.,(2013). This figure translates to roughly 32 million women worldwide. Megaloblastic Anemia Also called macrocytic anemia, it is characterized by large RBCs which are fragile and easily destroyed. It is majorly attributed to two factors essential in the synthesis of red blood cells. Obse et al., (2013) contend that insufficient dietary intake of folic acid and cobalamin is the major risk factors for megaloblastic anemia. Cobalamin deficiency can result from a failure by the gastric mucosa to secrete intrinsic factors for the absorption of cobalamin from the GIT. Gastrointestinal surgery may also lead to the loss of intrinsic factor-secreting gastric mucosal cells. In some instances, hereditary defects in cobalamins utilization are also implicated. Folic acid deficiency, on the other hand, results majorly from poor dietary intake of folic acid. It can also result from malabsorption syndromes, drugs that inhibit folic acid absorption, alcohol abuse, and hemodialysis. These factors lead to a reduction in erythropoiesis. Scholl (2015) and Pavord et al., (2012) contend that with the decline in erythropoietic activity, iron stores are depleted, reduced and eventually depleted, resulting in anemia. Deficiencies in vitamin B 12 and folate still remain the leading cause of megaloblastic anemia since the consequence of ineffective hematopoiesis is major on RBCs as much as it affects other cell lines. According to Achebe et al., (2017) universal supplements such as folate and cobalamins are vital in care of mothers with megaloblastic anemia Options of care, collaboration, and consultation with other health providers There is a need for collaborative approach by all heath care providers right from the clinician or doctor, to the laboratory personnel where the diagnosis is done to the nurses who implement the care and treatment plan. Key among these is the diagnosis. Diagnosis of Iron Deficiency Anemia Bone marrow aspirate staining is the gold standard for defining iron deficiency anemia. The bone marrow aspirate is then viewed under a microscope; the absence of staining on the field demonstrates a lack of iron for erythropoietic activity. Gale et al., (1963). This approach, however, has a disadvantage of being intrusive so it cannot be applied to routine practice. The use of different biomarkers other than this provides a better alternative for determining iron status. According to Pavord et al., (2012) serum levels of ferritin are the most reliable method. As a routine, therefore, Iron deficiency anemia is diagnosed by measuring the levels of iron, ferritin, and transferrin in the serum. It is usually characterized by an HCT of 30% and an MCV 79fL. Decreased levels of iron and ferritin in the serum and increased levels of transferrin in the serum is a confirmatory diagnosis Diagnosis of Megaloblastic anemia A complete blood count and a peripheral smear form the basis for diagnosis. The peripheral smear usually shows anisocytosis and poikilocytosis- characteristic of, macrocytic anemia and enlarged oval RBCs (macro-ovalocytes). Reticulocytopenia and neutrophils with hyper segmentations also indicate megaloblastic anemia. Definitive diagnosis, however, carried out by the measurement of folate in serum. A Complete Blood Count that shows anemia with indices consistent with macrocytic anemia or high red blood cells distribution width(RDW) usually indicates folate deficiency. The confirmatory diagnosis is low levels of folate in the serum. Anemia Associated Risks in Pregnancy Perinatal and maternal outcomes can potentially worsen if hemoglobinopathies, such as sickle cell disease, -thalassemia, and Hemoglobin S-C Disease are not detected and treated. Fetuses which are chronically exposed to iron deficiency anemia are likely to be born underweight (Lone et al., 2004) due to effects on fetal intrauterine growth Gaillard et al., (2014). Preexisting sickle cell anemia increases the maternal susceptibility to infections majorly pneumonia, inflammation of the endometrium (endometritis) and UTIs (Urinary tract infections). The leading cause of maternal death in the UK is maternal sepsis, affecting 5 in 10000 pregnancies. It may also predispose the mother to conditions such as pulmonary infarction heart failure and pregnancy-induced hypertension. It has also been determined to result in restriction of fetal growth and preterm delivery. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) was also the most common cause of anemia-related disability in 2013 (Kassebaum, 2016) contends that the leading cause of anemia related disability in 2013 was iron deficiency anemia. (Cantwell et al., 2011) also, contends that the risk of maternal mortality secondary to hemorrhage is increased in mothers with iron deficiency anemia. The severity of most anemia cases also tends to increase with the progression of the pregnancy hence posing serious health risks to both mother and fetus. Although the risk of UTIs is increased in mothers with sickle cell trait it is not commonly implicated in severe pregnancy-related complications. Hb S-C disease may also present during pregnancy. With it comes increased the risk of pulmonary infarction due to occasional embolization of the bony spicule. Fetal effects are less common but when present may include restriction of fetal growth.-Thalassemia is not likely to cause maternal morbidity but results in fetal death if the fetus is homozygous for -Thalassemia. The fetus is not likely to make it beyond the early third semester. According to Congdon et al., (2012), cognitive development and growth can suffer long term impairments among infants that are in-utero exposed to iron deficiency anemia. Beck et al., (2010) argue that chronic fetal exposure to iron deficiency anemia could potentially increase the risk of pre-term delivery by up to double. This makes detection and treatment of iron deficiency anemia a top priority for policymakers and healthcare providers globally (World Health Organization, 2011). Intrapartum Management of Mother and Initial Care of Child Intrapartum Management of the Mother Adequate dietary intake of iron and iron supplementation through medicines is the principle prevention mechanism for iron deficiency in pregnant mothers. All pregnant mothers need to be started on aloe oral dose of about 30 mg/day of iron supplementing drugs (Masukume et al., 2015). It is also vital to integrated iron rich foods like beef and selected vegetables from the onset of pregnancy as well foods that enhance the absorption of iron. Pregnant mothers also need to be screened for iron deficiency anemia in good time if they are from populations that are at high risk of iron deficiency (Nguyen et al., 2016). In such populations, higher doses of iron supplement such as 60-100 mg per day may help achieve prophylaxis against iron deficiency anemia. If a pregnant mother is confirmed to have iron deficiency anemia by diagnosis, the treatment regimen is quite similar to iron deficiency in postpartum mothers, non-pregnant women, postmenopausal or premenopausal women (Pavord et al., 2012). The marked difference is the t they are administered with additional iron together with a combination of prenatal vitamins. Dietary counseling is also recommended. Another course that is recommended is taking a measurement of the Complete Blood Count consistently to monitor the iron levels in the hemoglobin of the pregnant mother (Onyeneho et al., 2016). According to the Center for Disease Control, screening of the mother during the first prenatal visit is essential. The IOM recommends that mothers from high-risk populations be screened at the beginning of every trimester and postpartum for one to one and a half months. While universal supplementation of iron is recommended by both the CDC and the WHO, the American Department of Defense decries th e lack of sufficient evidence to support the same (Daru et al., 2015). Studies reveal that the supplementation of iron for pregnant mothers before depletion of iron stores which has become a common practice among clinicians may also be implicated in severe fetal and maternal health outcome (Congdon et al., 2012 and Siu, 2015). Initial Care of the Newborn According to Koura et al., (2012), infant anemia correlates with maternal anemia. The potential of delaying the clamping of the umbilical cord has been found to have potential to improve the iron levels in infants born at complete term. Also, it is beneficial for improving the hematocrit levels in infants born to anemic mothers. Although this comes along with a possible increase in the risk of hyperbilirubinaemia by about 12% studies reveal that it is rarely ever as serious as to require exchange transfusion or phototherapy-making it safe to apply (Gebreamlak, Dadi, Atnafu, 2017). The study revealed that delaying cord clamping has the effect of raising the concentration of hemoglobin especially in infants born to anemic mothers at ages between 2-3 months and lowers the risk of developing anemia for the infant. This practice may be especially beneficial to countries where tea is high occurrences of fetal anemia. Follow-up Care and Considerations for Future Pregnancies It may be important for mothers to continue taking prenatal vitamins inclusive of iron supplements during breastfeeding in order to reduce the risk of postpartum anemia. According to Oppenheimer (2012), postpartum screening is essential for monitoring of iron and hemoglobin status even post- delivery. According to WHO a hemoglobin level10.5g/dl and HCT32% would be an indication of anemia even postpartum. McClure et al., (2014) also denote that postpartum anemia is a leading cause of postnatal depression and depression in last trimester Yilmaz et al., (2017), which could adversely affect the emotional wellbeing of the mother and the child as well. Other adverse effects associated with postpartum anemia include fatigue and exhaustion beyond the expected normal, insufficient milk syndrome and poor quality of milk (Christides et al., 2016). Also important is to increase dietary intake of foods rich in iron after delivery. Although this may take a longer time to achieve desired iron levels as compared to taking iron supplements, iron is still better absorbed by the body from dietary sources in the GIT (Obse, Mossie, Gobena, 2013). The bioavailability of iron from supplement sources is less than that absorbed from dietary sources (Sharp, 2015). When designing a care plan for a postpartum mother who had intrapartum iron deficiency anemia, it is critical to ensure the iron levels remain up. Given the fact that delivery itself is associated with a lot of blood loss, such a mother must be screened to find out if she is in need of a blood transfusion to forestall a fall in hemoglobin. Conclusion As covered in this paper, anemia in pregnancy affects 5 in every 10000 pregnant women totaling to about 32 million women globally. For this reason, the world health organization intends to cut by half the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among women of reproductive age (which accounts for up to 98% of all cases of anemia in pregnancy) by the year 2025.Understanding the etiology and clinical presentation of iron deficiency anemia is critical for both clinicians and health policy makers alike if this target is to be achieved. There is also need for more research into the benefits and adverse effects of the use of iron supplements for mothers on maternal and fetal health if real strides are to be made towards this same goal. References Achebe, M. M., Gafter-Gvili, A. (2017). How I treat anemia in pregnancy: iron, cobalamin, and folate. Blood, 129(8), 940-949. doi:10.1182/blood-2016-08-672246 Balgir, R. S. (2015). Prevalence of hemolytic anemia and hemoglobinopathies among the pregnant women attending a tertiary hospital in central India. Thalassemia Reports, 5(1), 16-20. doi:10.4081/thal.2015.464 Bayesian Statistical Modelling 2nd edition by P. CONGDON. (2007). Biometrics, 63(3), 976-977. doi:10.1111/j.1541-0420.2007.00856_12.x Christides, T., Wray, D., McBride, R., Fairweather, R., Sharp, P. (2015). Iron bioavailability from commercially available iron supplements. European Journal Of Nutrition, 54(8), 1345-1352. doi:10.1007/s00394-014-0815-8 Daru, J., Moores, R., Dodds, J., Rayment, J., Allard, S., Khan, K. S. (2015). Non-anaemic iron deficiency in pregnancy: the views of health service users and health care professionals. Transfusion Medicine, 25(1), 27-32. doi:10.1111/tme.12184 Gaillard, R., Eilers, P. C., Yassine, S., Hofman, A., Steegers, E. P., Jaddoe, V. V. (2014). Risk Factors and Consequences of Maternal Anaemia and Elevated Haemoglobin Levels during Pregnancy: a Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study. Paediatric Perinatal Epidemiology, 28(3), 213-226. doi:10.1111/ppe.12112 Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine (Book Review).(2000). American Libraries, 31(5), 63. Kassebaum, N. J., Lozano, R., Lim, S. S., Murray, C. J. (2017).Setting maternal mortality targets for the SDGs--reply. Lancet, 389(10070), 697-698. Masukume, G., Khashan, A. S., Kenny, L. C., Baker, P. N., Nelson, G., null, n. (2015). Risk Factors and Birth Outcomes of Anaemia in Early Pregnancy in a Nulliparous Cohort.Plos ONE, 10(4), 1-15. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122729 Nguyen, P. H., Young, M., Gonzalez-Casanova, I., Pham, H. Q., Nguyen, H., Truong, T. V., ... Ramakrishnan, U. (2016). Impact of Preconception Micronutrient Supplementation on Anemia and Iron Status during Pregnancy and Postpartum: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Rural Vietnam. Plos ONE, 11(12), 1-16. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0167416 Onyeneho, N. G., I'Aronu, N., Chukwu, N., Agbawodikeizu, U. P., Chalupowski, M., Subramanian, S. V. (2016). Factors associated with compliance to recommended micronutrients uptake for prevention of anemia during pregnancy in urban, peri-urban, and rural communities in Southeast Nigeria. Journal Of Health, Population Nutrition, 351-17. doi:10.1186/s41043-016-0068-7 Pavord, S., Myers, B., Robinson, S., Allard, S., Strong, J., Oppenheimer, C. (2012).UK guidelines on the management of iron deficiency in pregnancy. British Journal OfHaematology, 156(5), 588-600. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.09012.x Gebreamlak, B., Dadi, A. F., Atnafu, A. (2017). High Adherence to Iron/Folic Acid Supplementation during Pregnancy Time among Antenatal and Postnatal Care Attendant Mothers in Governmental Health Centers in AkakiKality Sub City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Hierarchical Negative Binomial Poisson Regression. Plos ONE, 12(1), 1-11. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169415 McClure, E. M., Meshnick, S. R., Mungai, P., Malhotra, I., King, C. L., Goldenberg, R. L., ... Dent, A. E. (2014). The Association of Parasitic Infections in Pregnancy and Maternal and Fetal Anemia: A Cohort Study in Coastal Kenya. Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases, 8(2), 1-8. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002724 Obse, N., Mossie, A., Gobena, T. (2013). MAGNITUDE OF ANEMIA AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTENATAL CARE IN SHALLA WOREDA, WEST ARSI ZONE, OROMIA REGION, ETHIOPIA. Ethiopian Journal Of Health Sciences, 23(2), 165-173. Y?lmaz, E., Y?lmaz, Z., akmak, B., Gltekin, ?. B., ekmez, Y., Mahmuto?lu, S., ... Kkzkan, T. (2017).Relationship between anemia and depressive mood in the last trimester of pregnancy. Journal Of Maternal-Fetal Neonatal Medicine, 30(8), 977-982. doi:10.1080/14767058.2016.1194389 Esen, U. I. (2017). Iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy: The role of parenteral iron. Journal Of Obstetrics Gynaecology, 37(1), 15-18. doi:10.1080/01443615.2016.1180505 Koura, G. K., Ouedraogo, S., Le Port, A., Watier, L., Cottrell, G., Guerra, J., ... Garcia, A. (2012). Anaemia during pregnancy: impact on birth outcome and infant haemoglobin level during the first 18 months of life. Tropical Medicine International Health, 17(3), 283-291. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02932.x