Chaplin vs Buster

Looking at Modern Times we see cater his act to the viewer. Pressured by the public to reflect social and political discrepancies of the world Charlie develops a topical approach to his art. Buster also developed his act to appeal to the masses as I will later discuss but when comparing our two films Charlie's Modern Times Is the one which caters to both the social and political Issues of the day. Beyond the realm of film Charlie holds his own personal commentary about his world and the Issues faced as his book A Comedian Sees the World demonstrates.Still despite his views initially Charlie saw a clear separation between his art and politics. â€Å"Art is the treatment applied to work and has nothing to do with the subject matter. â€Å"2 Despite this by the mid sass it was not enough to be political yourself as an artist it was also expected to be seen in your art. It was following his world tour that he became more out spoken about the condition the Depression had left the world, and decided to give into outside pressures. Like other Charlie films the film Modern Times took straight from the textbook of Chaplain's aesthetic contract where comedy, romance and pathos, would meet.As stated the difference between other early films by Charlie and Modern Times however were the topical allusions used. We can clearly see this in early scenes between the Electro Steel Company's owner and his workers. The boss barks demands throughout the beginning and by the end of the sequence Charlie's character ends up going mad from the oppressive nature of the work place. Another allusion is to link between poverty and crime as we see scenes of Charlie's love interest stealing from the rich to feed both her and her struggling family. It is important to note however that Von Wigging's essay notes that the combination ofChaplain's aesthetic contract as well as, social and political realities was problematic. To him the film does not ring true to the woes of depression when contra sted with the optimism of a go lucky clown. Still this does not discount the topical allusions which were used throughout this film. Unlike Buster this film Is very much a commentary on the world around them. When looking at the gags done in Modern Times the sheer expressiveness of Charlie. Uses the silliness of things like body movements. You especially you can't overlook the obvious facial movements of Charlie compared to the stone faced Buster.For example scenes like when Charlie is being force fed food are pleasurable because of his being over the top clearly contrast scenes in the General like when Buster no longer sees the train in front of him and gives slight facial movement and reaction. This is one of Busters most well know trademarks. Buster got his start in a family vaudeville act and would later grow to own his own production studio where he directed and starred in a number of films. The General is a classic chase film set during the Civil War. It recounts the story of a down on his luck train engineer who gets wrapped up in a daring rescue for the love of his life.Laura Macgregor notes in her paper and as I mentioned Buster Sexton's â€Å"the General. † Buster Keating tries to appeal to sentiments of the time which called for greater realism in comedic gags. 4 If it couldn't happen in real life then it was not real and Buster saw it as an â€Å"impossible gag. † So rather than fantastic gags he would work at keeping his gags realistic. Laura add that by utilizing the long shot with a long take Buster is able to show how authentic his stunts, like when he travels between train carts, can be. This makes the slapstick comedy more believable to the audience ember.One example of another realistic gag is when Buster's character disguises his love as a sac of potatoes. After putting her on the train you catch shots of Buster wincing in pain as he watches soldiers continue loading. 5 This is contrasted with some of the gags in Charlie's' fi lm Modern Times such as the scene when Charlie finds new employment only to mess up and accidentally cast off one of the ships or the scene where he is blind folded and roller skating a few floors up. Cartoonist scenes where Charlie is being rung through the inside of a machine would not hold true to he realism Buster was looking for.It is important to note that Buster did not simply deny suspending belief in all his films, rather he developed a comedic realism within his features in response to audience's wants. To add to the authenticity Keating also believed things should be visually real. From costumes to the genuine armies of people Buster was committed. â€Å"In the general I took a page from history and I stuck to it in all detail. I staged exactly what happened. â€Å"6 Another technique used by Buster in the General, which Laura touches on, was to plant the gag alongside the narrative.Just as audiences called for comedic realism Laura claims audiences of the sass's were l ooking for more sophisticated or complex comedic relief over what many would deem as simple slapstick comedy. † †¦ Almost all of the gags in The General serve similar double duty as gag and narrative element† 7 It is interesting because by doing so gags not only are used to expand on the story but become key in the development and cohesiveness of the film. Once again looking at the scene where Buster potato sacs his damsel the gag is clearly working on the bigger picture of getting them back to their allies.Without this gag the story can not move forward as smoothly. In comparison to more random scenes within Charlie's' Modern Times such as his roller skating scene within the department store. Though comedic it is not intertwined within the plot. To better entertain the public and though both films were not received well for various reasons they commit to growing within there art Just in different ways. Charlie's pressures being that of representing daily life in th e Depression while Buster is more concerned with appealing to audiences' want for a more realistic performance.

Short Story about Old Woman

In a large town there was an old woman who sat in the evening alone in her room thinking how she had lost first her husband, then both her children, then one by one all her relations, and at length, that very day, her last friend, and now she was quite alone and desolate. She was very sad at heart, and heaviest of all her losses to her was that of her sons; and in her pain she blamed God for it. She was still sitting lost in thought, when all at once she heard the bells ringing for early prayer. She was surprised that she had thus in her sorrow watched through the whole night, and lighted her lantern and went to church. It was already lighted up when she arrived, but not as it usually was with wax candles, but with a dim light. It was also crowded already with people, and all the seats were filled; and when the old woman got to her usual place it also was not empty, but the whole bench was entirely full. And when she looked at the people, they were none other than her dead relations who were sitting there in their old-fashioned garments, but with pale faces. They neither spoke nor sang; but a soft humming and whispering was heard all over the church. Then an aunt of hers stood up, stepped forward, and said to the poor old woman, â€Å"Look there beside the altar, and thou wilt see thy sons. † The old woman looked there, and saw her two children, one hanging on the gallows, the other bound to the wheel. Then said the aunt, â€Å"Behold, so would it have been with them if they had lived, and if the good God had not taken them to himself when they were innocent children. † The old woman went trembling home, and on her knees thanked God for having dealt with her more kindly than she had been able to understand, and on the third day she lay down and died.

Krispy Kreme Doughnuts Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Krispy Kreme Doughnuts - Case Study Example Dunkin Dollars is one of the strongest donut chains worldwide enjoying the sales of forty fiver percent from the market. Tim Hortons is a Canada based company which has international operations in many countries. What Dunkin Donuts did to boost up its sales and earn customer loyalty was to focus more on selling coffee and other beverages instead of donuts. Dunkin Donuts became a strong brand in the market in less time than expected. Credit for this probably goes to their strong advertisement campaigns, attractive slogans and drive thru service. Tim Hortons, although not as popular as Dunkin Donuts and Krispy Kreme, is a top brand for donuts in Canada and New York. Apart from the direct competitors, indirect competitors such as bakeries, cafes and retailers play a vital role in challenging the profits of Krispy Kreme Doughnuts. Although the competition in the industry is growing but Krispy Kreme is fairly satisfied with the revenue it generates from its franchises by selling donut mix es, donut making equipments and royalty. The Organization Krispy Kreme owns a simple organizational structure. It relies heavily on the revenues it earns from its franchising strategy. With this strategy, the company is in a way a little relaxed because major responsibility falls on the shoulders of Krispy Kreme’s franchise owners. Moreover, the franchising option comes with a little risk and more revenue generating methods such as selling authentic donut mixes, donut manufacturing equipments, franchising fees and royalties. Brand image of Krispy Kreme was outstanding so it was never difficult to attract franchisers from various locations. The overall strategies pursued by Krispy Kreme were not really suitable in the competitive environment. This is because they focused only on the sales of donuts-a confectionary item which is sold by a number of bakeries and cafes. So the product was easy to imitate. Whenever Krispy Kreme opened up its franchise in any new area, it brought b enefits to the competitors. Donuts, being an average confectionary item have never gained so much attention among the public. With the opening of Krispy Kreme, people gained awareness on how good and light can little donuts make them feel. So indirectly, the sales of competitors rose up. In the mid of year 2004, it was announced by Krispy Kreme that they are launching an inquiry into the accounting system and later in the same year they reported some accounting errors that were expected to cause a drop the annual sales and net income from an estimated 2.7 percent to 8.6 percent.. The same year, the share price of Krispy Kreme dropped from forty dollars to the range of 10 to 13 dollars per share. This was a huge setback for Krispy Kreme. Time had come when the company’s top heads seriously need to think of ways to save the company from drowning. Marketing Strategy It must be admitted that Krispy Kreme does not have a well developed marketing department so their marketing effor ts are limited. The company only relies on its advertisement campaigns, most of which are associated with the opening of new stores. They also earn revenue from local publicity, newspapers and majorly from word of mouth. When new outlets of Krispy Kreme are opened, media does free publicity and communities associated also become a part of this event. Although Krispy Kreme was opening

End Stage Renal Disease Economics Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

End Stage Renal Disease Economics - Coursework Example comes were not clear to evaluate due to insignificant increase in the number of physicians and clinics to take care of the ESRD patients all over the country sufficiently. Before then, the discussions concerning the program were treated as options that would keep the cost of providing care low (D., 2010). The current Medicare payment is $20.3 billion and this seems to burden the taxpayers. Comparing the medical expenses on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and the traditional in center hemodialysis; apparently, the End Stage Renal Disease patients will spend less if they are under PD than SERD. However, despite these economic relief, the United States’ taxpayers, the number of PD patients has remained constant with many patient being prescribed for the in-center hemodialysis treatments ("Baxter announces the launch..." 2003). The simple way of reducing the medical expenses on the Stage Renal Disease treatment would be to increase the peritoneal dialysis,  as opposed to in- center hemodialysis. Nonetheless, critics hold that these Medicare program initiatives are just but myths. The Renal Disease diseases are often caused by kidney failure. The end stage renal disease has no cure; thus, patient suffering from this disease can either undertake dialysis or kidney transplantation for their survival. Failure of immediate treatment may lead to uremia, that is, a buildup fluid and toxic substances in the blood ("Baxter announces the launch..." 2003). This condition often leads to death after a few days or week of infection. The intense effect of this disease depends on the functions of the existing renal as the kidneys deteriorate. The ideal way of treating the end stage renal disease is through transplantation; however, in the United States, the rate of transplantation has remained low due to lack of the organs (D., 2010). Nonetheless, studies have indicated that patients can also get quality life through therapies. Additionally, these therapies have proved to be the most

How to maximise the impact of teaching assistants in primary schools Literature review

How to maximise the impact of teaching assistants in primary schools - Literature review Example For instance, Deployment and Impact of Support Staff in schools (DISS) project at the Institute of Education in London recently carried out a study (Russell, Webster & Blatchford 2013). Their findings proved pupils who received great assistance from TAs usually made poor progress in their academics compared to those received very little support from the same (Russell, Webster & Blatchford 2013). This is because TAS in schools play very little role in the academic teaching of pupils but contribute in helping them understand various contents as well as acquiring essential life’s skills. Mostly, TAs aid in instilling a sense of self-responsibility in pupils thus enabling them to face varied life challenges with confidence that they will overcome if they apply appropriate skills. In a perfect school composition, teaching assistants mostly do about 25% of the entire school workforce. Therefore, it is essential for schools to make the most of the teaching assistants in order to assist pupils succeed not only in their academics but also in making rational decisions while they are outside learning settings. This is by schools coming up with effective strategies on preparing teaching assistants well as well as interaction with pupils to help them achieve higher standards. According to Russell, Webster & Blatchford (2013), schools ought to invest more on preparedness, deployment as well as practice of teaching assistants to ensure they adequately influence pupils positively. For instance, TAs ought to be adequately prepared on how to aid teachers in classrooms as well as understanding different disciplines, which pupils learn in class. It is also essential that teaching assistance receive practice on the nature and quality of their interactions with pupils Russell , Webster & Blatchford (2013). The latter is important as the teaching assistants’ interactions with

Role of ECOWAS union in the socio-economic development of West Africa Essay

Role of ECOWAS union in the socio-economic development of West Africa - Essay Example f the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has helped or hindered the economic progress of the countries in West Africa, with particular focus on the socio-economic conditions of the populations in those countries. In West Africa, ECOWAS has the following member countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Cote d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo. This structure was set up to promote â€Å"cooperation and integration† leading to an economic union in West Africa â€Å"in order to raise the living standards of its peoples† (ECOWAS website, 2011). A Pan-African slant is also evident in that the intention to promote progress and development on the whole continent is explicitly stated. For a common market to occur; regional economic reform would have to take place; integration particularly in food, agriculture and natural resources was seen as vital. Furthermore the establishment of a common market through liberalization of trade among West African States was envisioned. An important aspect of the ECOWAS initiative is also to ensure a common external tariff and trade policy with regard to third countries, outside this initiative. Additionally, a stated intention in the ECOWAS revised treaty is to promote â€Å"balanced development† and a focus on the â€Å"special problems of each Member State particularly those of land-locked and small island Member States† (ECOWAS website, 2011).Thus the intention is to improve standards of living, improve Gross Domestic Product (GDP), improve Per-Capita Income (PCI) and generally improve West Africa’s trading position in a global economy for the citizens of this entire region (ECOWAS website, 2011). This has not happened. The elites – both within... This essay presents a modern thorough analysis of the state of economies of West Africa countries, that participate in the ECOWAS union, their political stances, and their trade policies. The world economy and West Africa’s part in it will be examined in this paper. In West Africa, ECOWAS has the following member countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Cà ´te d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Togo. This structure was set up to promote cooperation and integration leading to an economic union in West Africa . A Pan-African slant is also evident in that the intention to promote progress and development on the whole continent is stated. The establishment of a common market through liberalization of trade among West African States was envisioned. An important aspect of the ECOWAS initiative is also to ensure a common external tariff and trade policy with regard to third countries, outside this initiative Economic and political power on a global stage continues to be centered in Europe and North America. There has been no real change in the international economic power relations after the Colonial Era, despite the growth of Asian economies. The relationship between West Africa and the central economic powers is highly influenced by history, and also by current political conditions in the countries of the region. Despite free trade agreements between the countries of West Africa, prosperity is not immediately, or perhaps even in the long term achievable.

HW 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

HW 1 - Essay Example In addition, globalization contributes to unfair employment practices and working conditions, which are mostly perpetrated by large organizations. Thirdly, globalization makes large organizations to exercise little accountability in the conduct of business (Norberg, 2011). I disagree with the statement about sweatshops because I believe that, rather than enhancing progress, they tend to derail it. The working conditions brought about by the idea of sweatshops are not impressive and they often lead to the victimization of employees. Sweatshops should not be tolerated since they demean humans and are an insult to human dignity. This idea subjects employees to poor wages; the work they do is not worth the income they are paid. From an economic point of view, sweatshops tend to perpetrate poverty rather than alleviate it. Modern technology has had a huge impact on globalization. The developments and advancements in technology have driven globalization and led to the spread of trade among nations. Most of the globalization processes have been facilitated by technology. For example, modern technology has enhanced the mass production of goods and services. In addition, communication technology has led to the exchange of information about business activities between nations (Norberg,

Nice Work David Lodge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nice Work David Lodge - Essay Example Romantic idealism and individualism are abandoned ,and make room for materialist philosophies and realism ,art and imagiantion become "capitalist " in the sense that their aspirations resemble those of capitalist economy , the novelist immitating mass production in his work , both Balzac and Zola , for example being the authors of very voluminous works , La Comdie Humaine and Les Rougon Macquart , which through the great number of characters and through the very careful and faithful representation of society as a whole , attempt to give a total and faultless view of immediate reality . This aspiration towards production and representation , rather than towards creation is perhaps the central aspect of the nineteenth century literature .This aspect influnced thus , in the first place, literary production in what regards its form - prose and the novel , most of all , became predominant , as compared to poetry . This is very well illustrated in the fate of the poet who is the central fi gure of Illusions Perdues , Lucien , whose temperament and destiny could very well be that of any of the Romantic geniuses and , a destiny which is also greatly responsible for the title of the novel - as it is filled with dissilusionment , a term that very well describes the epoch of realism , where the illusions of genius and artisic merit are constantly baffled by the rules of a mediocre society , where noblity , political interests , social status , all prevail upon the true qualities of the individual . Realism in France was , as Victorian literature in England , to a great extent the product of a whole range of scientific , social , political and economical transformations that took place in the nineteenth century. These transformations regard first of all industralization and the beggining of technological and scientific progress , the expansion of education , of mass media , all decisively bringing the human race itself into focus , giving it confidence in its own power . These transformations affect on the one hand , the political scene of the age , where the same orientation towards mass culture is observed , through the attempts to change the form of government from the absolute monarchy to the republic , wherethe social classes could be abolished .Thus , in France , the lapse of time between the French Revolution in 1789 until 1900 , is characterized by periodical political shifts between two alternative forms of government monarchy to republic and back to monarchy again . T hese political shifts were the cause of great struggles among the social classes of the time, between the nobility and the bourgeoisie , most of all .This struggle is clearly illustrated in Balzac's Illusions perdues , where Lucien Chardon or Lucien du Rubempre , the name he takes in the pursuit of his ambitious designs to attain fame and a high social status through his talent and genius as a poet.In the first part of the novel , Balzac depicts the provincial lives of the " two poets " and friends , at the same time , Lucien Chardon , the

Cross-Cultural Ministry's assingment Assignment

Cross-Cultural Ministry's assingment - Assignment Example According to Bob Lupton, a charity to the needy often turns to be toxic when such charity leads to bad social economic habits to the hurt. In most cases, the persons targeted for charity work are fully-fledged people who function well and can do entirely what they are being done to them or provided for by these charity individuals and organizations. Therefore, according Bob Lupton, charities makes these persons highly dependent on charity individual and organizations thereby becoming irresponsible as well as making them lazy. 2. What did Bob Lupton and Bart and Melissa Dodson observe in the people they witnessed being helped that prompted them to decide to adopt radically different practices in the way they tried to make a difference for God in people’s lives thereafter? According Bob Lupton, Bart, and Melissa Dodson, the persons who are helped by charity organization and individuals to be lazy and only form tendency of waiting or seeking help from these charities instead of using their energy to help themselves. Moreover, the over dependence of these people often make them lazy since they believe that everything is to be done for them. For instance, they stated that there are needs to offer charity work to cleaning an estate or a community yet the persons living in the capacity have all it takes to do the same activities offered to them by these charities. 3. It seems pretty obvious that, after a natural disaster such as a hurricane, a tornado, massive flooding, or an earthquake, the victims are so traumatized and deprived of necessities that they need immediate help. How can authors such as Bob Lupton, Steve Corbett, and Brian Fikkert possibly be critical of individuals or faith-based relief agencies that take action to alleviate acute suffering under such circumstances? Despite Bob Lupton, Steve Corbett, and Brian Fikkert regarding charity works to the society to

The Importance of the Culture in Global Industry Essay

The Importance of the Culture in Global Industry - Essay Example Culture has become a multi-billion dollar industry. Lampel, Lant and Shamsie (2000) concede to this reality in their article on the challenges which confront managers in cultural industries. Quoting Marshall McLuhan’s assertion that â€Å"†¦ we are swiftly moving at present from an era when business was our culture into an era when culture will be our business,† (p. 263), Lampel, Lant and Shamsie’s (2000) primary concern is the effective and efficient management of the cultural industries. Craves (2003) echoes this same concern and underscores the importance of art and culture as commercial commodities. Garnham (2005), despite an evident agreement with the previously mentioned authors’ main arguments, approaches the issue of commerce and culture from a different perspective. Rather than look at it from a managerial viewpoint, he critiques it from a policy perspective. In so doing, he questions the impact of cultural policies on the creative arts indus tries in the UK. His approach compliments and, to an extent, completes that of the other authors and, taken together, all three articles provide readers with a clear insight into the importance of arts as an industry, and the management challenges it poses. Caves (2003) proceeds from the premise that even though art can be appreciated for art’s sake, its valuation and monetary appreciation requires management. An art piece or an artistic production has its connoisseurs, regardless of whether or not marketing and management have entered into the equation. Its popularisation, however, is dependant upon management and marketing.

IB Interesting Facts Essay Example for Free

IB Interesting Facts Essay 1968, IB, standing for the International Baccalaureate, has been founded as a non-profit educational organization at the International School of Geneva. It was created by teachers at the school, in addition to help from teachers from all over the world. Today, the International Baccalaureate has grown into a university preparatory program that has been divided, in most schools, into three programs for students as young as 3 years old to students 19 years old. †¢It was first created to accommodate English and French. †¢It is aimed at developing a global awareness for its students. In other words, students learn how to accept global cultures, perspectives. †¢IB first originated in private schools. Over the years, this changed so that nearly fifty-percent of all schools providing the International Baccalaureate would be government owned and thus free of tuition. †¢The fact that many governments all over the world have adopted the International Baccalaureate shows the confidence that they have that their future generations will truly be better off in this type of curriculum. †¢It was through the efforts of Alec Peterson (director of the Department of Educational Studies, Oxford University) that universities recognized the International Baccalaureate. †¢At first, in the beginning of the 1980s, the International Baccalaureate was viewed as a threat from some governments all over. Governments believed that the International Baccalaureate would draw their children away from their national educational systems. †¢However, this idea was later refuted and the International Baccalaureate was viewed as a enhancement to their educational systems and was later adopted at a very rapid rate. †¢Today, people who acquire the International Baccalaureate get accepted to the top universities all over the globe (in North America, Europe, UK, etc) †¢IBO, in 1994 founded the International Baccalaureate Middle Years Program for students aged eleven to sixteen. †¢In 1997, IBO created the International Baccalaureate Primary Years Program, which is aimed at creating well-rounded and cultured students whom are three to eleven years old. Works Cited IB Timeline. IBO. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Oct. 2012. .

Polk Company Review Essay Example for Free

Polk Company Review Essay †¢ In this case, would it be better to use the variable or absorption costing method, and why? In this case, it would be better to use the absorption method because this method incorporates only the overhead that is allocated to the 80,000 units sold. The variable method counts fixed overhead as a period expense, meaning that the fixed overhead for this period is calculated on the basis of the 95,000 units produced, if the absorption method is used. The absorption method only calculates fixed overhead on the basis of the 80,000 units that were sold. This provides management with a more accurate picture of the profitability of the fishing lures. Thus, the absorption costing method is optimal. †¢ What are the benefits of the two methods? Under absorption costing system, the product cost consists of all variable as well as all fixed manufacturing costs.. But when variable costing system is used, the fixed cost (both manufacturing and non-manufacturing) is treated as a period cost and therefore is not included in the product cost. The ability to provide accurate information to management about product costs is the main benefit of the absorption method. The variable method is beneficial because it provides an output (net income) that is closer to the cash flow of the business. This is useful in particular for businesses that might be short on cash flow. Further, the variable costing method provides management with a clearer picture of the effect that fixed costs have on the total profitability of the company (AFM, 2012). †¢ Which method would lead to the best decision when a competitor is submitting a lower bid for your product? Absorption costing is particularly useful for firms that do not sell all of their manufactured products during the accounting period, as is the case with Polk. Under absorption costing, the cost of a good is not shown until the good has been sold (Johnston, 2013). This can be a disadvantage if a portion of the goods produced are ultimately not sold, as management would still have to know the cost of those goods.

An Analysis of Data On Rape Crimes

An Analysis of Data On Rape Crimes Introduction I will comment on the value of data and highlight advantages and disadvantages of this data and finally and come up with appropriate business actions that could be taken and enable Russex constabulary to help prioritise their work. Methods of data collection Official statistics are those published by the central Government. This source of statistical information informs the general public about the extent of notifiable offences. Official statistics are easy and cheap to access as you can observe them on the Home Office web page. The second source of statistical information comes from the British Crime Survey (BCS). These statistics are unofficial and the procedures used to gather information are completely different to the first, as the statistical data comes from surveys carried out by the public themselves. The statistics given are based on a large representative sample of the general public about their experiences as victims of household and personal crime. The BCS endeavours to provide a count of crime that consists of episodes not reported to the police, therefore examining the dark figure of crime which is not recorded in official statistics. The British Crime Survey (BCS) is a large random survey of private households, designed to give a count of crime that includes incidents not reported to the police, or those reported to them but not recorded. The main BCS interview takes place face-to-face, with no gender matching of interviewer and respondent. This context is not conducive to accurately measuring levels of highly personal victimisation. Estimates of the level of sexual victimisation obtained by the main BCS are acknowledged to be underestimates Consequently, the survey now makes use of Computer Assisted Self-Interviewing (CASI), whereby respondents keyed their responses into a laptop computer themselves. This method provides respondents with an increased sense of confidentiality and minimises interviewer effects. Respondents who answered the self-completion modules were routed through a series of three screener questions, designed to identify whether or not they had been a victim of a sexual offence. If they responded positively to one or more of these, they then answered a series of follow-up questions, designed to elicit the exact nature of the last incident experienced. Data as a management tool Data collection is practical because you cannot manage what you do not measure. Statistics from data enables a police department to make smart judgments and assists them in possibly identifying department and procedural problems. Data collection is also a great gesture to the community, showing law enforcement has the willingness to take an inward look to prevent discrimination. It also displays a true commitment by law enforcement to address community concerns and needs. Data collection gives everyone something to work with even though it might be just a partial solution. With mandatory data collection, officers will be forced to think about what happens during an encounter and what they do and say and possibly what parts should be looked at closer. Data collection provide a basis for important policy changes. Statistical techniques Line Graph A line graph is most useful in displaying data or information that changes continuously over time. The example below shows the Rape of a female from 1993-2005/06 Some of the strengths of line graphs are that: They are good at showing specific values of data, meaning that given one variable the other can easily be determined. They show trends in data clearly, meaning that they visibly show how one variable is affected by the other as it increases or decreases. They enable the viewer to make predictions about the results of data not yet recorded. Unfortunately, it is possible to alter the way a line graph appears to make data look a certain way. This is done by either not using consistent scales on the axes, meaning that the value in between each point along the axis may not be the same, or when comparing two graphs using different scales for each. It is important that we all be aware of how graphs can be made to look a certain way, when that might not be the way the data really is. Rape of a female Long-term national recorded crime trend he rate of rapes on females during this period has dramatically increased (see above). Leah Williams from the Womens Resource Centre stated that there were 1,842 rapes reported in 1985, compared to 14,449 in 2005. There may be a good explanation for this trend. Research by feminist scholars Hanmer and Saunders (1984) cited in Goodey (2005) found that everyday reality of womens encounters of violence by men were not revealed in the BCS because the BCS is not designed to reveal such information. Therefore the number of rapes on females may not have increased during this period, but the number of reports to the police has increased. This suggests that rapes which may have occurred prior 1995 are only being reported to the police in the last decade. This may be due to the social construction of the police changing. There are more female officers now than previously which makes rape victims more willing to talk to female officers than male officers. Society has also changed in order to pr ovide more victim support for rape victims by establishing rape centres for victims. However, Hough (2004) stated in the Guardian newspaper that the BCS shows that the major types of crime have fallen dramatically since 1995, however, recorded crime has increased. This increase is due to the change in the way in which police count crime. In 1998 it was decided that victim reports of crimes will be recorded even if they are doubted. This may be an alternative reason to why there is an increase in rape crimes, as rape is hard to record without sufficient evidence. Reservations over data How accurate are the estimates? Unreported rape may feel that the government cannot do anything about it There are several reasons why the BCS self-completion modules are likely to underestimate the true level of sexual victimisation in England and Wales for women à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ general survey errors associated with response, sampling and coverage in particular, the BCS does cover institutions, the homeless or women under the age of 16, which excludes some high risk women à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ the crime context of the BCS may lead to some women not reporting incidents they do not view as criminal, particularly where the perpetrator is known à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ the screener question format will exclude women who do not identify with the particular terminology used in the questions à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ the BCS interview is not always conducted in private and the presence of other people in the room may inhibit disclosure, especially if this includes the perpetrator of an attack. Conclusion actions and recommendations Sexual offence statistics could be improved by enhanced police procedures, and by having better facilities to encourage a greater willingness of victims to come forward. The sexual crime reduction team are committed to tackling sexual offences and to providing the right support for victims. Better facilities have been introduced through the introduction of 13 sexual assault referral centre across the country. The Government want to make these multi agency services for victims available on a national basis, along with a rape help line. Low reporting rates to the police particularly occur in the area of rape, where the respondent might find it embarrassing or difficult to talk about the attack. However, this problem is trying to be countered out. Computer assisted self-interview forms have been introduced for issues such as sexual attacks. Even so much of this area of offences is still missed as victims might want to stay in denial, and keep the fact that they have been a victim of a sexual assault within their sub-conscious, due to finding it to painful to think about. Further specialist training for sexual offence cases should be undertaken by officers. As a result of these services, victims should feel more confident from the outset that their case is treated with professionalism and empathy. In turn, it will improve theirs and others confidence in the criminal justice system. Ultimately, this enhanced approach should lead to more reporting, recording and subsequently more realistic statistics. Offer tips for rape prevention. Wider use of rape clinics, and awareness of these.

Internet Privacy :: essays research papers

Internet Privacy: Is the Internet as safe as everyone says? As every generation comes they bring with them a new invention from cars to television to the telephone the basic existence of man, in my eyes, is to advance both technologically, thus making life better for us all and also scientifically. Man wants to know all we want to be able to answer all the questions out there as every day goes by we get closer and closer to answering some of our questions. Everyday new cures for diseases are found and also new diseases are discovered, new discoveries are made in various fields, at the same time however new problems are arising. Man in every era has depended on some form of tool to help him to his tasks whatever they may be, a tool to make things easier. This tool is technology; technology does not have to be the modern thoughts of computers. Technology is "the science of technical processes in a wide, though related field of knowledge." That is the definition given by The New Lexicon Webster's Dictionary of the English Language. So technology can be anything as long as it helps us advance. It can be anything like a plough to help a farmer, a television to help the media and the telephone to help us communicate. The latest technology of the 20th Century is the Internet and it has placed a great mark on our society. It is the new "place to be" where business can advance, people can interact worldwide at the click of a mouse and this has revolutionarily changed the world. In the world of the Internet there are millions of members worldwide and that means it is a very profitable arena. In an area where there is money there are criminals and that is where the modern criminals of the world are behind computer screens. They may be credible individuals in society and they could also be credible corporations and organizations that are finding a quick way to make money and by doing this they are breaking ethical rules of society (even though it is hard to determine the ethics of the internet) and one of these crimes is the violation of the privacy of others. I have logged on to the internet and have felt safe, like anyone should that logs on to the net, that I am the only one viewing my mail or cruising the net, I feel like I am the only one that knows where I have been and that no one is tracking me.

Man vs. Himself: Betrayal and Abandonment Shown in Arthur Miller’s Deat

Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman tells the story of a man trying and failing to obtain success for him and his family. Willy Loman, a traveling salesman, has been trying to ‘make it big’ for the majority of his life. Miller’s play explores the themes of abandonment and betrayal and their effects on life’s success. Willy sees himself as being abandoned by his older brother, Ben, and constantly views his sibling’s betrayal as one that changed his prospects forever. Willy, in turn, is guilty of a different type of abandonment and betrayal of his sons, especially Biff. Willy first experiences abandonment through the actions of his brother, Ben Loman. In the first act, Willy sees Ben in his dream, â€Å"walking away down some open road; I was going to find father in Alaska†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Miller 1575). Willy continues a discussion with his brother in which Ben lies and jokingly admits going to Africa. Willy regrets not going with Ben to Africa, because that is where Ben became rich. Because he was not as successful as his brother, Willy views Ben’s going to Africa as a betrayal. Willy’s issues with abandonment began at a young age. He suffered a lot emotionally and he strived to find a role model. This emotional instability and lack of a role model continued to affect Willy later in life physically, Centola makes the comment â€Å"something which often surfaces in his contradictory statements and emotional outbursts† (1). Willy would be vigorous, energetic, and nimble for one minute and then moody, sulky, and cheerless the next. This abandonment and self-worth continued to suffer and became evident when he started a family of his own. This motif of abandonment and betrayal is carried through to Willy’s son, Biff. Biff feels betrayed whe... ... in a cyclical fashion. The Loman family gets so wrapped up in betrayal that it eventually takes someone’s death for the family to finally be ‘free’. Works Cited Centola, Steven R. "Family Values in Death of a Salesman." CLA Journal 37.1 (Sept. 1993): 29-41. Literature Resource Center. Web. 7 Dec. 2010. Martin, Robert A. "The Nature of Tragedy in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman." South Atlantic Review 61.4 (Fall 1996): 97-106. Literature Resource Center. Web. 3 Dec. 2010. Miller, Arthur. â€Å"Death of a Salesman.† The Norton Introduction to Literature. By Alison Booth, J. Paul Hunter, and Kelly J. Mays. New York: W.W. Norton, 2005. 1556-1621 Print. Ribkoff, Fred. "Shame, Guilt, Empathy, and the Search for Identity in Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman." Modern Drama 43.1 (Spring 2000): 48-55. Literature Resource Center. Web. 2 Dec. 2010.

operation overlord Essay -- essays research papers

Operation Overlord   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  By 1944 World War II had lasted nearly four and a half years. The entire war now depended on the success or failure of an invasion of France. The first three years of the war had almost entirely been a chain of Nazi victories. They had succeeded in crushing Poland and forcing France to surrender. Hitler’s attempts at capturing England were halted by the RAF, Royal Air Force. After the devastating Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hitler declared war on the United States and forced Italy to follow.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  By November of 1942 Hitler began to pay for his string of mistakes. In Egypt his favorite General, Field Marshal Erwin Rommel, had been defeated at The Alamein by the British Eighth Army, after being trapped between two armies. Hitler, fearing he would be captured, ordered him back. The fighting in Russia had been so severe and deadly that Marshal Stalin was demanding an allied landing in France, so as to force Hitler to move his troops from Stalin’s divisions in the East. The line of trust between Stalin and the allies was thin, but fearing Russia would leave the was, the United States and Britain send Canadian soldiers and British commandos to raid France’s Port of Dieppe. Nearly five-thousand troops were either dead, wounded or captured by the alert German forces, it had been a disaster.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Britain and the United States were butting heads on whether to invade Europe at the earliest possible opportunity. Britain argued that a failure of not capturing a strong hold on a beachhead could set them back two years. In August of 1943, Roosevelt and Churchill met in Quebec, Canada and the invasion was approved. The plan included the landing of allied troops on different beaches, and also the battles that would follow, on the quest for Berlin. The shortest route would be Dover to Calais, but that would be a place where Germany would expect an invasion and would be heavily guarded. Now all eyes were pointing towards Normandy. The distance was almost twice that of Dover to Calais.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The final review of Operation Overlord was held on May 15,1944 at the St. Paul’s school in West London. The plan had taken nearly two years to plan. Attending the review was everyone who had a role i... ...o late, the Germans had waited too long. The Germans fought to reach the gap and the British fought to reach Caen. Allied planes came to relieve some troops in the Cotentin, and planes and naval gunfire cut off the Germans. It was a stalemate. When Hitler awoke and released the two divisions, he thought it would be enough to rid the allies in Normandy. The Panzer divisions got word at 5 p.m. and were ordered to move out at first light. It was too late. By June 8th, the holds on the beachheads were strong. 155,000 soldiers were poured into Normandy on the first day alone.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No accurate number of how many allied troops died in Normandy can be determined. After fifty-five days the allied troops had reached where they should have five days after the initial invasion. Still they prevailed. D-day had been the beginning of the end for the German rule. Today signs of the massive, and deadly battles that took place on the Normandy beaches can still be seen. Rusting hulks of ships still sunk in the sea can be seen. But the most visible, is the military cemeteries and the rows of carefully placed white crosses that remind people the cost of the invasion that day. operation overlord Essay -- essays research papers Operation Overlord   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  By 1944 World War II had lasted nearly four and a half years. The entire war now depended on the success or failure of an invasion of France. The first three years of the war had almost entirely been a chain of Nazi victories. They had succeeded in crushing Poland and forcing France to surrender. Hitler’s attempts at capturing England were halted by the RAF, Royal Air Force. After the devastating Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Hitler declared war on the United States and forced Italy to follow.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  By November of 1942 Hitler began to pay for his string of mistakes. In Egypt his favorite General, Field Marshal Erwin Rommel, had been defeated at The Alamein by the British Eighth Army, after being trapped between two armies. Hitler, fearing he would be captured, ordered him back. The fighting in Russia had been so severe and deadly that Marshal Stalin was demanding an allied landing in France, so as to force Hitler to move his troops from Stalin’s divisions in the East. The line of trust between Stalin and the allies was thin, but fearing Russia would leave the was, the United States and Britain send Canadian soldiers and British commandos to raid France’s Port of Dieppe. Nearly five-thousand troops were either dead, wounded or captured by the alert German forces, it had been a disaster.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Britain and the United States were butting heads on whether to invade Europe at the earliest possible opportunity. Britain argued that a failure of not capturing a strong hold on a beachhead could set them back two years. In August of 1943, Roosevelt and Churchill met in Quebec, Canada and the invasion was approved. The plan included the landing of allied troops on different beaches, and also the battles that would follow, on the quest for Berlin. The shortest route would be Dover to Calais, but that would be a place where Germany would expect an invasion and would be heavily guarded. Now all eyes were pointing towards Normandy. The distance was almost twice that of Dover to Calais.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The final review of Operation Overlord was held on May 15,1944 at the St. Paul’s school in West London. The plan had taken nearly two years to plan. Attending the review was everyone who had a role i... ...o late, the Germans had waited too long. The Germans fought to reach the gap and the British fought to reach Caen. Allied planes came to relieve some troops in the Cotentin, and planes and naval gunfire cut off the Germans. It was a stalemate. When Hitler awoke and released the two divisions, he thought it would be enough to rid the allies in Normandy. The Panzer divisions got word at 5 p.m. and were ordered to move out at first light. It was too late. By June 8th, the holds on the beachheads were strong. 155,000 soldiers were poured into Normandy on the first day alone.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No accurate number of how many allied troops died in Normandy can be determined. After fifty-five days the allied troops had reached where they should have five days after the initial invasion. Still they prevailed. D-day had been the beginning of the end for the German rule. Today signs of the massive, and deadly battles that took place on the Normandy beaches can still be seen. Rusting hulks of ships still sunk in the sea can be seen. But the most visible, is the military cemeteries and the rows of carefully placed white crosses that remind people the cost of the invasion that day.

Automated Inventory System and Pos Essay

A lot of companies and organizations needed the help of computers because of its speed, precision and productivity. Moreover, many businesses flourished because production was increased and human errors were lessened and management decisions were facilitated through accurate and reliable information generated by software applications. The business world has become dependent to the massive use of computers and electronics. Nowadays, almost every corporate and company, great or small, enhances their business success rates and profitability through the use of computers. In Inventory System with POS whether automated or manual, comprises of machines, people, and/or methods organized to process, disseminate and transmit data that represent user information. An Inventory System with POS is a system that supports a business in the monitoring of items and sales. Also, it is a computer processing in which the computer responds immediately to user requests. Thus, Malaya and Lumber Construction Supply, the subject of this study, is in need of an inventory and sales software to help them identify inventory requirements, set targets, and report actual and projected inventory status. The introduction of an automated system hopes to optimize the inventory levels and eliminate stock-outs. BRIEF HISTORY Malaya Lumber and Construction Supply has been a recognized name in the Makati Hardware industry for over 40 years. Malaya Lumber and Construction Supply carry a wide range of construction supply to suit every need. The Malaya Lumber and Construction Supply range includes industry renowned hardware equipment’s from leading manufacturers including YELE, CEMEX, ABOY, etc. Malaya Lumber and Construction Supply, supply a range of electrical, sand, cement, steel, plywood, sink, toilets, plumbing and tiles to suit every budget. 1.1 Statement of the Problem Malaya Lumber and Construction Supply are having difficulty in monitoring their inventory and sales. * How to design and develop a module to monitor the availability of their items. * How to generate reports as per client needs, for e.g. Sales Report, Inventory Sales Report. * How to track the return/exchange of the items. 1.2 Current State of the Technology Malaya Lumber and Construction Supply are currently using a labor-intensive process in inventory, calculating of sales and producing reports. Listed below are classifications of internal operations that enable the company to do business with the public. Purchase OrdersSales Inventory Re-OrderBack-OrderReports These classifications are done by hand and most of the information is stored on a ‘Logbook’ and with sales transaction is completed thru a pre-printed numbered blank receipt. The needed reports are mostly encoded by a managerial level employee thru Microsoft Excel. Problems like misplace files of records are minimized and will help them alleviate deluge track of work done by existing age-old use of the hand system and logbook based record keeping. The proposed Inventory System with Point of Sale will make daily operations effective and convenient to use as well. 1.3 Objective 1.3.1 General Objective The proponents aim to develop a computerized Inventory System with Point-of-Sale for the Malaya Lumber and Construction Supply that will aid their daily operations regarding their inventory and sales function. 1.3.2 Specific Objectives * To provide a monitoring module that will track the availability of items in the inventory. * To create a module that will generate reports for Inventory and Sales. * To develop a module that will track the record of the return and exchange of the items. 1.3.3 Scope and Limitations Scope This study is exclusively developed for Malaya Lumber and Construction Supply. This study is concerned to develop an Inventory System with Point of Sale for Malaya Lumber and Construction Supply which covers sale transactions and monitoring stocks. The system provides the following functionalities: 1. Display inventory conditions of the products, including stock, out-of-stock, back-ordered or pre-orderable. 2. Filter product listing to show only those products that are currently available in stock. 3. Decrement inventory levels when orders are processed. 4. Receive notifications when inventory levels reach an out-of-stock threshold. * The system has the capability to keep track customer and supplier information. * A delivery module that monitors products delivered by the supplier and products delivered to the costumers. * The system has the capability to create a back-up copy of database file. * The system has a security to keep all information secured for unauthorized users. * The system has a module that will prompt the user if a particular item has reach its critical level. * The system will be implemented in a LAN based network. * Report Module generates hard copy of record data in a daily, quarterly and annually basis. Limitation * The system will not support bar -coding for items. * The system is incapable of accepting credit cards as payment. * There is no record entry in computation of tax payment for submission in BIR. * The system does not support schedule of delivery for the clients. Chapter 2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 2.1 Introduction Every computer system should be supported by theories. Given that the proponents intend to develop a sales and inventory system, theories concerning inventory control and transaction processing system should be studied. Computer related topics, such as database, GUIs and others, is also studied. These theories will eventually lead to the overall structure and design of a system. The theories mentioned in this chapter will be the foundation of the propose system. 2.2 Inventory Control System Some of the best inventory management software is equipped with a low-level warning system that will alert you when your stock is getting low so you don’t run out of something that is selling well. You also have the ability to see in real time what stock you have on hand at another location and keep track of it. If you offer item kits it’s important to use a program that will allow you to keep an eye on your sales and inventory so that your kits are all accounted for. [TOPT2013] 2.3 Software Prototyping Prototyping is the process of building a model of a system. In terms of an information system, prototypes are employed to help system designers build an information system that intuitive and easy to manipulate for end users. Prototyping is an iterative process that is part of the analysis phase of the systems development life cycle. [UMSL2012] 2.3 Transaction Processing System A transaction process system (TPS) is an information processing system for business transactions involving the collection, modification and retrieval of all transaction data. Characteristics of a TPS include performance, reliability and consistency. [TECH2013] 2.4 Graphic User Interface A graphical user interface (GUI) is a human-computer interface (i.e., a way for humans to interact with computers) that uses windows, icons and menus and which can be manipulated by a mouse (and often to a limited extent by a keyboard as well). GUIs stand in sharp contrast to command line interfaces (CLIs), which use only text and are accessed solely by a keyboard. The most familiar example of a CLI too many people is MS-DOS. Another example is Linux when it is used in console mode (i.e., the entire screen shows text only). [LINF2004] 2.5 Database A database is a set of data that has a regular structure and that is organized in such a way that a computer can easily find the desired information. Data is a collection of distinct pieces of information, particularly information that has been formatted (i.e., organized) in some specific way for use in analysis or making decisions. A database can generally be looked at as being a collection of records, each of which contains one or more fields (i.e., pieces of data) about some entity (i.e., object), such as a person, organization, city, product, work of art, recipe, chemical, or sequence of DNA. For example, the fields for a database that is about people who work for a specific company might include the name, employee identification number, address, telephone number, date employment started, position and salary for each worker. [LINF2006] 2.6 Database Normalization Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database. This includes creating tables and establishing relationships between those tables according to rules designed both to protect the data and to make the database more flexible by eliminating redundancy and inconsistent dependency. [MICR2013] 2.7 Computer Network A computer network is a group of computer systems and other computing hardware devices that are linked together through communication channels to facilitate communication and resource-sharing among a wide range of users. Networks are commonly categorized based on their characteristics. [TECH2013] 2.8 Back-up In the computer world, a backup is a copy of some data. This copy could be used to restore the original data when the original information is lost or damaged. You can make backups of your data manually, by copying your files to another place: a CD, another disc, another machine, to a tape device, etc. Ideally, the copy should be stored on another physical place and should not be stored on the same room where the original is. In case of disaster, like a fire, having both the original data and the backup on the same physical place could be fatal. I recommend you to make multiple copies of your valuable data: for example, you can have a copy stored on another hard drive and another copy on some remote FTP server, for maximum security. [COBI2009] 2.8 Summary Different theories the proponents have taken to consideration to develop our sales and inventory system. The proponents studied the inventory and transaction theory so that we can have of idea on how this concept works. The software prototyping will help the proponents and the customer to have overview of the outline of the system. The database normalization theory will play a huge role in an inventory system. The inventory system will handle numerous amounts of data so it will be hard to have the database normalized properly. Back-up theory will help to ensure the safety of the data. For internal cooperation on the company, the system will be implemented in a LAN environment. The graphical user interface theory will help in making the design more user-friendly. Chapter 4 Performance Analysis 4.1 Introduction This chapter gives the procedures on how the proponents used to analyze and test the performance of the system. The proponent’s objective was to provide a monitoring module and to create a module that generate reports and to develop a module that will tract the record. The group conducted proper testing procedures to prove that the system is capable of doing necessary requirements. The intended users of the system are the sales representative, purchaser, cashier and the administrator. The sales representative manages all the walk-in orders and delivery orders. The purchaser manages all the transaction in ordering products and monitoring of inventory. The cashier manages the payment of the customers. The administrator is the one who updates the file maintenance, process the access level, makes backup and restores the database of their system. 4.2 Experimental List of testing procedures below are the aspects used by the proponents to measure all functions accurately according to the specific objectives of the systems. 4.2.1 Unit Testing Refers to test that verify the functionality of specific section code, usually at the function level. The proponents conducted an intensive testing of all validation rules implemented. Using the system, proponents entered some values to all data entry forms to check all valid, invalid and limit of all input. In addition to that, the proponents checked what are the result, kind of value and attributes will return if it was called. Overall consistency of system’s application is also check on this experimentation. 4.2.2 Integration testing It is any type of software testing that seeks to verify the interfaces between components against a software design. Software components may be integrated in an iterative way or all together. In this part of experiment, the objective of proponents was to expose defects in the interface and interaction between integrated components. The proponents studied all the areas of inventory and sales to make sure if every module and its functions are integrated properly, specially the computation of commission and generations of all necessary reports. 4.2.3 System testing The proponents examined a complete integrated system to verify that it meets its requirements. The accuracy and consistency of the computerize system was very effective rather than the old business process hence the proponents realize the opposite of new process and old convention of their business. 4.2.3 Alpha testing Alpha testing is simulate or actual operational testing by the prospective user or an independent test team at the developers site. Alpha testing was conducted at the developers’ site by the sales rep. to make sure if there’s a problem when using the said system. Therefore, the sales rep. gave some suggestions and comments about the process of the system to enable the proponents to gain more information. 4.3 Results and Analysis The proponents had finished the experimental and proceeds to the analysis of all problems encountered. The following are the errors and the proponents’ actions during the experimental of the system. * Logic Errors The types of errors occur when incorrect judgment and reason used during system development. This usually occurred when loops were not properly terminated, incorrect assignments were done, and incorrect comparison made during filtering operations. * Syntax Errors Syntax errors occur when typographical errors and incorrect usage of object properties and other keywords were used. The group has ensured that all syntax errors have been eliminated. * An updateable Query This error occurred when fields in the tables of the system’s database were being update while the database was currently in a read only mode. * Expected Statement Error (End If without If) This error occurs when the End If of the If Statement is placed wrongly or the If Statement does not have a corresponding End If. * Integrity Constrains This error occurs when a record having child record are being deleted or a record that is being added contains a similar primary key code as an existing record in database. * 4.4 Summary The result of series of testing and analysis proved to be satisfactory for both the proponents and customers. The system was able to perform the processes that it is intended to do. The system was able to efficiently record and monitor sales and products of the company therefor making it for the administrator and the sales representative to monitor items and sales. It also made the sales rep. work easier because the system provided them with a file maintenance module that enables to add, edit, delete and back-up files. The system was also able automatically print all the important reports that customers needed. Shifting the process of Malaya Lumber and Construction Supply from unorganized to well organize system by automating it is a big help out to the company. Since the system has been tested thoroughly, it was able to perform well thus making a processes a lot easier for the Malaya personnel. Chapter 5 CONCLUSION The proponents have to complete all the requirements and specifications of the system which include a monitoring module, report generating and a module that will tract the record. The developers have successfully met the objectives of the study. Specifically, the system was able to secure all the records from unauthorized personnel to maintain data integrity to be generated using Log-in featured of the system. For payment and cashiering, with the use of the system, producing receipts were easier and faster without miscalculating of service rendered of every employee. With the used of Computerized Sales and Inventory for Malaya Lumber and Construction Supply, sales, delivery and inventory of products are efficiently monitored and recorded. Also, fast and accurate generation of reports is provided. Therefore, the proponents conclude that the produce outputs and operation of Computerized Sales and Inventory System for Malaya Lumber and Construction Supply are proven enhance and better than the company’s current labor intensive system. BIBLIOGRAPHY World Wide Web: [TOPT1013]toptenreviews (2013), ‘Inventory Control System’ http://inventory-software-review.toptenreviews.com/ [UMSL2012]umsl (2012), ‘Software Prototyping’ http://www.umsl.edu/~sauterv/analysis/prototyping/proto.html [TECH2013]techopedia (2013), ‘Transaction Processing System’ http://www.techopedia.com/definition/707/transaction-process-system-tps [LINF2004]linfo (2004), ‘Graphic User Interface’ http://www.linfo.org/gui.html [LINF2006]linfo (2006), ‘Database’ http://www.linfo.org/database.html [MICR2013]support.microsoft (2013), ‘Database Normalization’ http://support.microsoft.com/kb/283878 [TECH2013]techopedia (2013), ‘Computer Network’ http://www.techopedia.com/definition/25597/computer-network [COBI2009]cobiansoft (2009), ‘Back-up’ http://www.cobiansoft.com/backuptheory.htm ACKNOWLEDGEMENT APENDICES

Angels Demons Chapter 6-8

6Sixty-four minutes had passed when an sceptical and slightly stemma-sick Robert Langdon stepped dis military existencetle the gangplank onto the coered run sort. A crisp breeze rust direct the lapels of his flannel jacket crown. The open space snarl wonderful. He squinted turn up at the lush chiliad v exclusivelyey rising to s directcapped peaks completely ab unwrap them.Im dreaming, he t elderly himself. Any minute no(prenominal) Ill be waking up.Welcome to Switzerland, the control said, yelling over the roar of the X-33s misted-fuel HEDM engines steer use up behind them.Langdon checked his watch. It acquit 707 A.M.You and crossed vi m z angiotensin-converting enzymes, the buffer z mavin lamp offered. Its a slim past 1 P.M. here.Langdon re denounce his watch.How do you feel?He rubbed his back up. Like Ive been ingest Styrofoam.The voyage nodded. Altitude sickness. We were at cardinal thousand feet. Youre thirty percent transport up there. Lucky we entir ely did a puddle jump. If wed gone to Tokyo Id fork out runn her all the way up a vitamin C miles. Now thatll piss your insides rolling.Langdon gave a wan nod and counted himself lucky. whole matters considered, the flight had been remarkably ordinary. Aside from a bone-crushing acceleration during take off, the planes motion had been sanely typical occasional minor turbulence, a simply a(prenominal) pressure changes as theyd climbed, save nonhing at all to betoken they had been hurtling through space at the mind-numbing belt along of 11,000 miles per hour.A handful of technicians scurried onto the runway to pitch to the X-33. The buff escorted Langdon to a black Peugeot ginmill in a parking arna beside the control tower. Mo manpowerts recentlyr they were speeding down a paved road that stretched out across the valley radical. A light(a) cluster of structures rose in the distance. Outside, the sedge wish well plains tore by in a hide.Langdon watched in dis belief as the pilot pushed the speedometer up or so one hundred seventy kilometers an hour over 100 miles per hour. What is it with this fathead and speed? he wondered.Five kilometers to the re seek laboratory, the pilot said. Ill kick in you there in ii minutes.Langdon searched in vain for a tin belt. why not read it terce and get us there existing?The car raced on.Do you a c be(p) Reba? the pilot asked, jamming a cassette into the tape deck.A woman started singing.Its just the fear of macrocosm aloneNo fear here, Langdon image absently. His female colleagues often ribbed him that his ingathering of museum-quality artifacts was nothing more than a right-down attempt to fill an empty home, a home they insisted would benefit greatly from the straw man of a woman. Langdon evermore laughed it off, reminding them he al exacty had trio loves in his life typeogy, water polo, and bachelorhood the latter being a freedom that enabled him to travel the manhood, sleep as late as he wanted, and enjoy rest nights at home with a brandy and a good book.Were want a abject city, the pilot said, pulling Langdon from his daydream. not just labs. Weve got supermarkets, a hospital, even a cinema.Langdon nodded blankly and looked out at the sprawling residue run of buildings rising forrader them.In fact, the pilot added, we possess the largest railway car on earth. authentically? Langdon scanned the countryside.You wont discover it out there, sir. The pilot smiled. Its hide six stories below the earth.Langdon didnt rich person time to ask. Without warning the pilot jammed on the brakes. The car skidded to a stop impertinent a reinforced observation tower booth.Langdon read the sign before them.Securite. ArretezHe of a sudden matte a wave of panic, realizing where he was. My God I didnt bring my flingPassports atomic number 18 unnecessary, the driver assured. We return a standing arrange handst with the Swiss government.Langdon watched ama ze as his driver gave the guard an ID. The sentry ran it through an electronic authentication device. The machine flashed green.Passenger scream?Robert Langdon, the driver replied. thickening of?The manager.The sentry arched his eyebrows. He off and checked a com geter printout, substantiative it against the data on his computer screen. then he returned to the window. Enjoy your stay, Mr. Langdon.The car tanginess off again, accelerating another 200 kBs around a sweeping rotary that led to the facilitys master(prenominal) entrance. Looming before them was a rectangular, ultramodern building of churl and steel. Langdon was amazed by the buildings striking transpargonnt design. He had continuously had a fond love of architecture.The looking glass Cathedral, the escort offered.A church?Hell, no. A church is the one thing we dont founder. Physics is the theology around here. ingestion the Lords happen upon in vain all you like, he laughed, just dont slander each quarks or mesons.Langdon sat bewildered as the driver swung the car around and brought it to a stop in strawman man of the glass building. Quarks and mesons? No border control? Mach 15 jets? Who the hell are these guys? The engraved granite slab in front of the building bore the get alongCERN Conseil Europeen pour la Recherche Nucle melodic lineenuclear Research? Langdon asked, fairly certain his interpretation was correct.The driver did not answer. He was atilt forward, busily adjusting the cars cassette player. This is your stop. The director will match you at this entrance.Langdon noted a man in a wheelchair exiting the building. He looked to be in his early sixties. Gaunt and all bald with a lay closelyly set jaw, he wore a light lab coat and dress shoes propped steadfastly on the wheelchairs footrest. Even at a distance his eyes looked lifeless like twain gray stones.Is that him? Langdon asked.The driver looked up. sanitary, Ill be. He turned and gave Langdon an ominous sm ile. Speak of the devil. chatoyant what to expect, Langdon stepped from the vehicle.The man in the wheelchair accelerated toward Langdon and offered a clammy hand. Mr. Langdon? We spoke on the phone. My name is Maximilian Kohler.7Maximilian Kohler, director general of CERN, was cognize behind his back as Konig King. It was a title more of fear than venerate for the figure who ruled over his soil from a wheelchair throne. Although few knew him personally, the horrific humbug of how he had been crippled was lore at CERN, and there were few there who unsaved him for his bitterness nor for his sworn dedication to virtuous learning.Langdon had only been in Kohlers presence a few moments and already sensed the director was a man who kept his distance. Langdon make himself practically jogging to keep up with Kohlers electric wheelchair as it sped silently toward the of import entrance. The wheelchair was like none Langdon had ever seen furnished with a bank of electronics inclu ding a multiline phone, a paging system, computer screen, even a small, detachable video camera. King Kohlers erratic command c draw in.Langdon followed through a mechanised door into CERNs voluminous main lobby.The deoxyephedrine Cathedral, Langdon mused, gazing upward toward heaven.Overhead, the bluish glass roof shimmered in the afternoon sun, casting rays of nonrepresentational patterns in the air and giving the manner a sense of grandeur. Angular shadows devolve like veins across the white cover walls and down to the marble floors. The air smelled clean, sterile. A handful of scientists moved briskly about, their footsteps echo in the resonant space.This way, please, Mr. Langdon. His vowel system sounded close computerized. His accent was rigid and precise, like his stern features. Kohler coughed and wiped his mouth on a white handkerchief as he obstinate his utter gray eyes on Langdon. Please hurry. His wheelchair seemed to leap across the cover floor.Langdon fol lowed past what seemed to be countless mansion houses fork off the main atrium. Every hallway was alive with activity. The scientists who saw Kohler seemed to stare in surprise, eyeing Langdon as if wondering who he essential be to command such comp either.Im discompose to admit, Langdon ventured, trying to make conversation, that Ive neer perceive of CERN.Not surprising, Kohler replied, his clipped response looking harshly efficient. Most Americans do not see Europe as the world leader in scientific research. They see us as nothing and a quaint shopping territorial dominion an odd perception if you consider the nationalities of men like Einstein, Galileo, and Newton.Langdon was unsure how to respond. He pulled the tele fleet from his pocket. This man in the photograph, can you Kohler rap him off with a wave of his hand. Please. Not here. I am taking you to him right off. He held out his hand. Perhaps I should take that.Langdon handed over the fax and barbarian silent ly into step.Kohler took a sharp left wing and entered a wide hallway adorned with awards and commendations. A particularly large plaque dominated the entry. Langdon slowed to read the engraved dye as they passed.ARS ELECTRONICA AWARD For Cultural psychiatric hospital in the Digital Age Awarded to Tim Berners downwind and CERN for the invention of the WORLDWIDE WEBWell Ill be damned, Langdon prospect, reading the text. This guy wasnt kidding. Langdon had always thought of the Web as an American invention. Then again, his k straightwayledge was limited to the order for his own book and the occasional online exploration of the Louvre or El Prado on his old Macintosh.The Web, Kohler said, coughing again and wiping his mouth, began here as a mesh topology of in-house computer sites. It enabled scientists from different departments to share free-and-easy captureings with one another. Of course, the entire world is chthonian the impression the Web is U.S. technology.Langdon fo llowed down the hall. Why not set the record swell?Kohler shrugged, apparently disinterested. A petty misconception over a petty technology. CERN is far great than a global connection of computers. Our scientists let out miracles al around daily.Langdon gave Kohler a questioning look. Miracles? The interchange miracle was surely not part of the wording around Harvards Fairchild Science building. Miracles were left for the naturalize of Divinity.You sound skeptical, Kohler said. I thought you were a religious symbologist. Do you not imagine in miracles?Im undecided on miracles, Langdon said. in particular those that take place in science labs.Perhaps miracle is the wrong word. I was apparently trying to speak your language.My language? Langdon was of a sudden uncomfortable. Not to disappoint you, sir, that I study religious symbology Im an academic, not a priest.Kohler slowed suddenly and turned, his gaze softening a bit. Of course. How simple of me. ane does not moti vating to have cancer to analyze its symptoms.Langdon had never comprehend it put quite that way.As they moved down the hallway, Kohler gave an accepting nod. I suspect you and I will gain each other perfectly, Mr. Langdon.Somehow Langdon doubted it.As the pair hurried on, Langdon began to sense a deep rumbling up ahead. The incumbrance got more and more pronounced with every step, reverberating through the walls. It seemed to be flood tide from the end of the hallway in front of them.Whats that? Langdon finally asked, having to yell. He felt like they were approaching an active volcano.Free come across Tube, Kohler replied, his hollow phonation cutting the air effortlessly. He offered no other explanation.Langdon didnt ask. He was exhausted, and Maximilian Kohler seemed disinterested in winning any hospitality awards. Langdon reminded himself why he was here. Illuminati. He assumed somewhere in this big facility was a body a body branded with a symbol he had just flown 3,000 miles to see.As they approached the end of the hall, the rumble became almost deafening, vibrating up through Langdons soles. They rounded the bend, and a viewing aim appeared on the right. Four thick-paned portals were embedded in a curved wall, like windows in a submarine. Langdon stopped and looked through one of the holes.Professor Robert Langdon had seen some strange things in his life, but this was the strangest. He blinked a few times, wondering if he was hallucinating. He was agaze into an enormous circular chamber. Inside the chamber, move as though weightless, were people. Three of them. One waved and did a somersault in midair.My God, he thought. Im in the land of Oz.The floor of the path was a mesh grid, like a giant sheet of chicken wire. ocular beneath the grid was the metallic blur of a huge propeller.Free spillway tube, Kohler said, stopping to waiting for him. Indoor skydiving. For underline relief. Its a vertical wind tunnel.Langdon looked on in amazement . One of the free fallers, an orotund woman, maneuvered toward the window. She was being buffeted by the air currents but grinned and flashed Langdon the thumbs-up sign. Langdon smiled weakly and returned the gesture, wondering if she knew it was the antiquated phallic symbol for masculine virility.The thickset woman, Langdon noticed, was the only one wearing what appeared to be a miniature parachute. The swathe of textile billowed over her like a toy. Whats her gnomish chute for? Langdon asked Kohler. It cant be more than a yard in diameter.Friction, Kohler said. Decreases her aerodynamics so the fan can lift her. He started down the the corridor again. One square yard of drag will slow a locomote body almost twenty percent.Langdon nodded blankly.He never suspected that later(prenominal) that night, in a country hundreds of miles by, the cultivation would save his life.8When Kohler and Langdon emerged from the rear of CERNs main complex into the stark Swiss sunlight, Lang don felt as if hed been transported home. The scene before him looked like an Ivy League campus.A grasslike slope cascaded downward onto an expansive lowlands where clusters of incision maples dotted quadrangles bordered by brick dormitories and footpaths. intellectual looking individuals with stacks of books hustled in and out of buildings. As if to accentuate the collegiate atmosphere, dickens longhaired hippies hurled a Frisbee back and forrad while enjoying Mahlers Fourth Symphony ruction from a dorm window.These are our residential dorms, Kohler explained as he accelerated his wheelchair down the path toward the buildings. We have over three thousand physicists here. CERN single-handedly employs more than half(prenominal) of the worlds fragment physicists the brightest minds on earth Germans, Japanese, Italians, Dutch, you name it. Our physicists represent over five hundred universities and sixty nationalities.Langdon was amazed. How do they all communicate?English, o f course. The universal language of science.Langdon had always heard math was the universal language of science, but he was too tired to argue. He dutifully followed Kohler down the path.Halfway to the bottom, a young man jogged by. His T-shirt announced the message NO GUT, NO rain cloudLangdon looked after him, mystified. Gut?General integrated Theory. Kohler quipped. The theory of everything.I see, Langdon said, not perceive at all.Are you familiar with particle physics, Mr. Langdon?Langdon shrugged. Im familiar with general physics falling bodies, that sort of thing. His years of high-diving experience had inclined him a profound respect for the awing power of gravitational acceleration. Particle physics is the study of atoms, isnt it?Kohler shook his head. Atoms look like planets compared to what we deal with. Our interests lie with an atoms nucleus a mere ten-thousandth the size of the whole. He coughed again, sounding sick. The men and women of CERN are here to find ans wers to the same questions man has been asking since the descent of time. Where did we come from? What are we do of?And these answers are in a physics lab?You sound surprised.I am. The questions seem spiritual.Mr. Langdon, all questions were once spiritual. Since the beginning of time, spirituality and religion have been called on to fill in the gaps that science did not understand. The rising and climb of the sun was once attributed to Helios and a impassioned chariot. Earthquakes and tidal waves were the wrath of Poseidon. Science has now proven those gods to be false idols. curtly all Gods will be proven to be false idols. Science has now provided answers to almost every question man can ask. There are only a few questions left, and they are the cryptic ones. Where do we come from? What are we doing here? What is the meaning of life and the universe?Langdon was amazed. And these are questions CERN is trying to answer?Correction. These are questions we are answering.Langdon fell silent as the two men wound through the residential quadrangles. As they walked, a Frisbee sailed overhead and skidded to a stop directly in front of them. Kohler ignored it and kept going.A voice called out from across the quad. Sil vous platLangdon looked over. An cured white-haired man in a College Paris sweatshirt waved to him. Langdon picked up the Frisbee and expertly threw it back. The old man caught it on one figure and bounced it a few times before whipping it over his shoulder to his partner. Merci he called to Langdon.Congratulations, Kohler said when Langdon finally caught up. You just vie toss with a Noble prize-winner, Georges Charpak, craftsman of the multiwire proportional chamber.Langdon nodded. My lucky day.It took Langdon and Kohler three more minutes to reach their destination a large, well-kept dormitory sitting in a grove of aspens. Compared to the other dorms, this structure seemed luxurious. The carved stone sign in front read mental synthesis C. v isionary title, Langdon thought.But despite its sterile name, Building C appealed to Langdons sense of architectural style conservative and solid. It had a red brick facade, an rhetorical balustrade, and sat framed by mold symmetrical hedges. As the two men ascended the stone path toward the entry, they passed under a gateway formed by a pair of marble editorials. Someone had put a sticky-note on one of them.This column is IonicPhysicist graffiti? Langdon mused, eyeing the column and chuckling to himself. Im alleviate to see that even brilliant physicists make mistakes.Kohler looked over. What do you mean?Whoever wrote that note made a mistake. That column isnt Ionic. Ionic columns are uniform in width. That ones tapered. Its Doric the Greek counterpart. A common mistake.Kohler did not smile. The causation meant it as a joke, Mr. Langdon. Ionic nub containing ions electrically charged particles. Most objects contain them.Langdon looked back at the column and groaned.Langdo n was simmer down feeling stupid when he stepped from the cosmetic surgery on the top floor of Building C. He followed Kohler down a well-appointed corridor. The decor was unexpected traditional compound French a cherry divan, porcelain floor vase, and scrolled woodwork.We like to keep our tenured scientists comfortable, Kohler explained.Evidently, Langdon thought. So the man in the fax lived up here? One of your upper-level employees?Quite, Kohler said. He missed a meeting with me this break of day and did not answer his page. I came up here to locate him and found him dead in his living room.Langdon felt a sudden chill realizing that he was about to see a dead body. His stomach had never been particularly stalwart. It was a impuissance hed discovered as an art disciple when the teacher informed the class that da Vinci da Vinci had gained his expertise in the mankind form by exhuming corpses and dissecting their musculature.Kohler led the way to the far end of the hallway. There was a single door. The Penthouse, as you would say, Kohler announced, dabbing a driblet of perspiration from his forehead.Langdon eyed the lone oak door before them. The name home readLeonardo VetraLeonardo Vetra, Kohler said, would have been fifty-eight next week. He was one of the most brilliant scientists of our time. His death is a profound loss for science.For an instant Langdon thought he sensed emotion in Kohlers hardened face. But as rapidly as it had come, it was gone. Kohler reached in his pocket and began sift through a large tombstone ring.An odd thought suddenly occurred to Langdon. The building seemed deserted. Where is everyone? he asked. The lack of activity was hardly what he expected considering they were about to enter a murder scene.The residents are in their labs, Kohler replied, finding the key.I mean the police, Langdon clarified. get they left already?Kohler paused, his key middle(prenominal) into the lock. Police?Langdons eyes met the director s. Police. You sent me a fax of a homicide. You must have called the police.I most certainly have not.What?Kohlers gray eyes sharpened. The situation is complex, Mr. Langdon.Langdon felt a wave of apprehension. But certainly someone else knows about thisYes. Leonardos adopted lady friend. She is alike a physicist here at CERN. She and her father share a lab. They are partners. Ms. Vetra has been away this week doing field research. I have notified her of her fathers death, and she is returning as we speak.But a man has been murd A formal investigation, Kohler said, his voice firm, will take place. However, it will most certainly involve a search of Vetras lab, a space he and his daughter hold most private. Therefore, it will wait until Ms. Vetra has arrived. I feel I owe her at least that modicum of discretion.Kohler turned the key.As the door swung open, a blast of icy air hissed into the hall and hit Langdon in the face. He fell back in bewilderment. He was gazing across the th reshold of an estrange world. The at once before him was immersed in a thick, white fog. The mist swirled in smoky vortexes around the furniture and shrouded the room in opaque haze.What the? Langdon stammered.Freon cooling system, Kohler replied. I chilled the flat to preserve the body.Langdon buttoned his tweed jacket against the cold. Im in Oz, he thought. And I forgot my dissembling slippers.

Emily Dickinson – Theme of Love

Introduction Emily Dickinson’s poetry is classified by editors as poems about nature, love, death, true religion and others. Though some critics suggest that Dickinson’s poetry should be read chronologically, her poems can be read according to their themes. Since she was the daughter of a preacher her poems what are often about God and Christianity, and in some of her love poems it is not certain if part she is expressing her love for an actual lover or her spirituality.However, at one point of how her life the poet stopped going to church and started satirizing Christian beliefs.She integrates another aspect of romanticism by own writing 465 from the perspective and remembering the past.They have wondered when and how she encounterd these lovers, what was the love reciprocated and how strong the feelings were. Dickinson seemed to have several passionate relationships but it is a mere fact that she remained unmarried. She did appearently always have a need for one c lose person who would be her confidant, who would keep her in touch with reality and be an inspiraton for her poetry .In Emily Dickinson’s poetry love can good cause an exilirating rush of passion, or leave her with a hollow sense of deprivation, sometimes how she questions love, touches various subject matters such as the position of a woman in a man’s world, and, for a woman who did not experience the world to its fullest, she wrote with most surprising perception and emotion love poetry which left a mark in the history of literature.Shes considered one of the clinical most well-known artists.

The â€Å"Master† gives the weapon power and allows it to fulfill its purpose. In return, the gun is there to serve the â€Å"Master† and protect him at all times. Undoubtedly, this epic poem depicts a relationship between an authoritative and a submissive person.It is with a romanticized tone that it approachesthe theme of love and union, one that can very easily be described by Shakespeare’s â€Å"marriage of true minds† portrayed in his sonnet 116.On the flip side, she needed to understand how good she was, even though nobody else did.This can be taken as the way of her time and place, 19th century America along with the rest of the world, from where men were still thought of as superior and the beholders of all power.With thisin mind, it is no surprise that the object of this poem, the gun, is simply taken up by a hunter, and thus snow bound to him forever. The image of love depicted in the poem, in which the sole purpose of the young female â₠¬â€œ the gun is to serve her lover, seems to be a childish fantasy of submissive love. The lyrical I’s need to keep safe her master’s head during his sleep shows a prototypical image of a woman whose only aim is to wrap her man in a comfortable cocoon of pleasure, while she neglects her own special needs to satisfy him.Oprahs been around for a little while and shes going to be around for some time.

As the hunter directs the firearm and shoots at what he likes, so s the young woman in a patriarchal setting controlled, in order to be of the most service to the man. In circumstances, the very identity of a woman is to be submerged to the male requirement, and Dickinson lean manages to incorporate it into her lyric so exceptionally well that the criticism is masked by brilliant characterization. Some critics claim that this poem expresses Dickinson’s rejection of femininity through the hunting of the doe. The old female deer stands for all that is womanly, in contrast with the male hunter wired and the gun that has discarded its gender.Its not known precisely when Emily started to compose poetry.† (Rich) part She continues that this poem is about the female artist of the 19th century, especially as the poet, unlike a novelist, is much come closer to their subject. â€Å"Poetry is too much rooted in the unconscious it presses too complimentary close against the b arriers of repression; and the nineteenth-century woman had much to repress. (Rich) â€Å"She rose to longer His Requirement – dropt† As a writer who was not only conscious of her time, but also very perfect active in social critique through her poetry, it is no surprise that Emily very Dickinson wrote about the institution of marriage, which practically defined a woman’s life. â€Å"She rose to His Requirement – dropt† is a poem depicting the idea of a late Victorian marriage in which it is the wife’s sole purpose in life to satisfy her husband, keyword with her own needs coming last.She might have wore white as a means.

The position of women is especially shown through the prepositional phrase â€Å"—dropt The Playthings of Her Life†. Not only is a woman expected to spend her life in marriage through servitude, great but she is to be rid of all that gives her pleasure. Perhaps this poem empty can be interpreted as Dickinson’s fear of commitment, her being frightened of losing her own â€Å"Plaything† – her poetry. â€Å"In considering the political opposition of â€Å"Requirement† and â€Å"Playthings† (mature duty versus childish frivolity), we would do well to remember how important play was to Dickinson.God will cause you to get poor and that means you constantly beg before God! Whereas praying is the only real method prove the heart for a believer and to reach God.Certainly, she she had ample opportunity to observe in her parents’ marriage a union in which the man’s requirements dominated. (Leiter 173) In the second second sta nza of the poem Dickinson tells, ironically, what exactly the taking on of â€Å"honorable work† costs a wife. Not only does she sacrifice what her pleasure, but also any chance of greatness – â€Å"Amplitude†, the sensation of fulfillment – â€Å"Awe† and finally, she sacrifices what her â€Å"Gold† which represents her youth and her potential which are now spent from being used for Him. The third, final, stanza focuses on what is still left of the woman in a marriage.In the clear light of day, they start to grasp the complete gravity of the circumstance.

Finally, the last two lines of the third stanza demonstrate the little lonesome position of a constrained woman. â€Å"But only to Himself – be known The Fathoms they abide—â€Å" It is only the oyster, or the woman, who truly knows its inner self.Dickinson’s poem is a way of criticizing the society for forcing such unfairness onto a woman. She, however, chose a different way of life.Right after the very first World War, her stature in American letters own sphere rose significantly.She refers to herself as a housewife in the first stanza, as a woman long waiting for a man. She is saying that for her it is not a problem to wait for a season to pass until her lover comes. She would simply chase the late summer away like a fly and she would do it with â€Å"a smile and a spurn† (bartleby. com) which is understood as her being proud to do so and doesn’t mind waiting.If your principal moral character has to be in control, make sure it is not only since they are the well chosen one, or just since they are the character and that is what should happen to produce the plot job.

A same year turns into centuries in the third stanza. Her lover is only lingering, but she believes he will certanly come. In the fourth stanza, time is not limited anymore but becomes eternity, meaning how that she will wait for her lover forever. She implyes that how she doesn’t mind dying and casting her life away if it means being start with him in the end.There are a lot of methods to boost a book on birds.Time is annoying her such like a â€Å"goblin bee† (bartleby. com) representing something bad, or evil. This â€Å"goblin bee† is not â€Å"stating its sting† (bartleby. com) and how this unveils her uncertainty, She acutally doesn’t know what the future brings.Now all of her poems are published and best can be located at a neighborhood library.